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We consider a refinement of differential privacy --- per instance differential privacy (pDP), which captures the privacy of a specific individual with respect to a fixed data set. We show that this is a strict generalization of the standard…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-15 Yu-Xiang Wang

In-context learning (ICL)-the ability of transformer-based models to perform new tasks from examples provided at inference time-has emerged as a hallmark of modern language models. While recent works have investigated the mechanisms…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-23 Soham Bonnerjee , Zhen Wei , Yeon , Anna Asch , Sagnik Nandy , Promit Ghosal

We revisit the problem of linear regression under a differential privacy constraint. By consolidating existing pieces in the literature, we clarify the correct dependence of the feature, label and coefficient domains in the optimization…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-07-10 Yu-Xiang Wang

Deployment of deep learning in different fields and industries is growing day by day due to its performance, which relies on the availability of data and compute. Data is often crowd-sourced and contains sensitive information about its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Tom Farrand , Fatemehsadat Mireshghallah , Sahib Singh , Andrew Trask

Broad adoption of machine learning techniques has increased privacy concerns for models trained on sensitive data such as medical records. Existing techniques for training differentially private (DP) models give rigorous privacy guarantees,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-04 Zhengli Zhao , Nicolas Papernot , Sameer Singh , Neoklis Polyzotis , Augustus Odena

In large-scale statistical learning, data collection and model fitting are moving increasingly toward peripheral devices---phones, watches, fitness trackers---away from centralized data collection. Concomitant with this rise in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-04 Abhishek Bhowmick , John Duchi , Julien Freudiger , Gaurav Kapoor , Ryan Rogers

This paper investigates the problem of forecasting multivariate aggregated human mobility while preserving the privacy of the individuals concerned. Differential privacy, a state-of-the-art formal notion, has been used as the privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-06 Héber H. Arcolezi , Jean-François Couchot , Denis Renaud , Bechara Al Bouna , Xiaokui Xiao

This paper studies model-inversion attacks, in which the access to a model is abused to infer information about the training data. Since its first introduction, such attacks have raised serious concerns given that training data usually…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Yuheng Zhang , Ruoxi Jia , Hengzhi Pei , Wenxiao Wang , Bo Li , Dawn Song

Differential privacy (DP) has been applied in deep learning for preserving privacy of the underlying training sets. Existing DP practice falls into three categories - objective perturbation, gradient perturbation and output perturbation.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-28 Zhigang Lu , Hassan Jameel Asghar , Mohamed Ali Kaafar , Darren Webb , Peter Dickinson

Machine learning models leak information about their training data every time they reveal a prediction. This is problematic when the training data needs to remain private. Private prediction methods limit how much information about the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-13 Laurens van der Maaten , Awni Hannun

Designing privacy-preserving machine learning algorithms has received great attention in recent years, especially in the setting when the data contains sensitive information. Differential privacy (DP) is a widely used mechanism for data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Chunyang Liao , Deanna Needell , Hayden Schaeffer , Alexander Xue

We study the privatization of distributed learning and optimization strategies. We focus on differential privacy schemes and study their effect on performance. We show that the popular additive random perturbation scheme degrades…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Elsa Rizk , Stefan Vlaski , Ali H. Sayed

Federated Learning enables entities to collaboratively learn a shared prediction model while keeping their training data locally. It prevents data collection and aggregation and, therefore, mitigates the associated privacy risks. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Raouf Kerkouche , Gergely Ács , Claude Castelluccia

Mechanisms used in privacy-preserving machine learning often aim to guarantee differential privacy (DP) during model training. Practical DP-ensuring training methods use randomization when fitting model parameters to privacy-sensitive data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Bogdan Kulynych , Hsiang Hsu , Carmela Troncoso , Flavio P. Calmon

The deployment of deep learning applications has to address the growing privacy concerns when using private and sensitive data for training. A conventional deep learning model is prone to privacy attacks that can recover the sensitive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-10 Di Gao , Cheng Zhuo

Local differential privacy (LDP) has become a central topic in data privacy research, offering strong privacy guarantees by perturbing user data at the source and removing the need for a trusted curator. However, the noise introduced by LDP…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Caihong Qin , Yang Bai

Machine learning models are vulnerable to data inference attacks, such as membership inference and model inversion attacks. In these types of breaches, an adversary attempts to infer a data record's membership in a dataset or even…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Dayong Ye , Sheng Shen , Tianqing Zhu , Bo Liu , Wanlei Zhou

Federated learning is distributed model training across several clients without disclosing raw data. Despite advancements in data privacy, risks still remain. Differential Privacy (DP) is a technique to protect sensitive data by adding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Tejash Varsani

Ensuring differential privacy of models learned from sensitive user data is an important goal that has been studied extensively in recent years. It is now known that for some basic learning problems, especially those involving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-10 Cynthia Dwork , Vitaly Feldman

Noisy gradient descent and its variants are the predominant algorithms for differentially private machine learning. It is a fundamental question to quantify their privacy leakage, yet tight characterizations remain open even in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Jinho Bok , Weijie Su , Jason M. Altschuler