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Current AI weather forecasting models predict conventional atmospheric variables but cannot distinguish between cloud microphysical species critical for aviation safety. We introduce AviaSafe, a hierarchical, physics-informed neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Zijian Zhu , Qiusheng Huang , Anboyu Guo , Xiaohui Zhong , Hao Li

Understanding how droughts may change in the future is essential for anticipating and mitigating their adverse impacts. However, robust climate projections require large amounts of high-resolution climate simulations, particularly for…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-09-29 Hamish Lewis , Neelesh Rampal , Peter B. Gibson , Luke J. Harrington , Chiara M. Holgate , Anna Ukkola , Nicola M. Maher

Near-surface air temperature is a key physical property of the Earth's surface. Although weather stations offer continuous monitoring and satellites provide broad spatial coverage, no single data source offers seamless data in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Shengjie Kris Liu , Siqin Wang , Lu Zhang

Accurate weather forecasts are important for disaster prevention, agricultural planning, etc. Traditional numerical weather prediction (NWP) methods offer physically interpretable high-accuracy predictions but are computationally expensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Yuan Gao , Hao Wu , Ruiqi Shu , Huanshuo Dong , Fan Xu , Rui Ray Chen , Yibo Yan , Qingsong Wen , Xuming Hu , Kun Wang , Jiahao Wu , Qing Li , Hui Xiong , Xiaomeng Huang

Participants of the Berlin Summit on Earth Virtualization Engines (EVEs) discussed ideas and concepts to improve our ability to cope with climate change. EVEs aim to provide interactive and accessible climate simulations and data for a wide…

Soft Computing techniques have opened up new avenues to the forecasters of complex systems. Atmosphere is a complex system and all the atmospheric parameters carry different degrees of complexity within themselves. Endeavor of the present…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2007-05-23 Surajit Chattopadhyay , Manojit Chattopadhyay

The short-term prediction of precipitation is critical in many areas of life. Recently, a large body of work was devoted to forecasting radar reflectivity images. The radar images are available only in areas with ground weather radars.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Jiří Pihrt , Rudolf Raevskiy , Petr Šimánek , Matej Choma

Weather forecasting plays a crucial role in supporting strategic decisions across various sectors, including agriculture, renewable energy production, and disaster management. However, the inherently dynamic and chaotic behavior of the…

Multi-model projections in climate studies are performed to quantify uncertainty and improve reliability in climate projections. The challenging issue is that there is no unique way to obtain performance metrics, nor is there any consensus…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2021-09-13 Ehsan Mosadegh , Iman Babaeian

Operational weather prediction at kilometer scales remains computationally prohibitive for traditional numerical weather prediction (NWP) models, limiting forecast access for applications in energy, agriculture, and disaster management that…

Urban overheating, exacerbated by climate change, threatens public health and urban sustainability. Traditional approaches, such as numerical simulations and field measurements, face challenges due to uncertainties in input data. This study…

Applications · Statistics 2025-02-27 Jiwei Zou , Lin Wang , Senwen Yang , Michael Lacasse , Liangzhu , Wang

Photovoltaic (PV) power generation has emerged as one of the lead renewable energy sources. Yet, its production is characterized by high uncertainty, being dependent on weather conditions like solar irradiance and temperature. Predicting PV…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Johan Mathe , Nina Miolane , Nicolas Sebastien , Jeremie Lequeux

Cloud computing offers an opportunity to run compute-resource intensive climate models at scale by parallelising model runs such that datasets useful to the exoplanet community can be produced efficiently. To better understand the…

Given multi-model ensemble climate projections, the goal is to accurately and reliably predict future sea-level rise while lowering the uncertainty. This problem is important because sea-level rise affects millions of people in coastal…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-10-25 Subhankar Ghosh , Shuai An , Arun Sharma , Jayant Gupta , Shashi Shekhar , Aneesh Subramanian

Predictions on subseasonal-to-seasonal (S2S) timescales--ranging from two weeks to two month--are crucial for early warning systems but remain challenging owing to chaos in the climate system. Teleconnections, such as the stratospheric…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Philine L. Bommer , Marlene Kretschmer , Fiona R. Spuler , Kirill Bykov , Marina M. -C. Höhne

Computational complexity has been the bottleneck of applying physically-based simulations on large urban areas with high spatial resolution for efficient and systematic flooding analyses and risk assessments. To address this issue of long…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-14 Zifeng Guo , Joao P. Leitao , Nuno E. Simoes , Vahid Moosavi

Artificial intelligence (AI)-based data-driven weather forecasting models have experienced rapid progress over the last years. Recent studies, with models trained on reanalysis data, achieve impressive results and demonstrate substantial…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-04-02 Christopher Bülte , Nina Horat , Julian Quinting , Sebastian Lerch

Designing early warning system for precipitation requires accurate short-term forecasting system. Climate change has led to an increase in frequency of extreme weather events, and hence such systems can prevent disasters and loss of life.…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-12-11 Ajitabh Kumar

As global warming increases the complexity of weather patterns; the precision of weather forecasting becomes increasingly important. Our study proposes a novel preprocessing method and convolutional autoencoder model developed to improve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Yo-Hwan Choi , Seon-Yu Kang , Minjong Cheon

Due to the rise in the use of renewable energies as an alternative to traditional ones, and especially solar energy, there is increasing interest in studying how to address photovoltaic forecasting in the face of the challenge of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Ines Montoya-Espinagosa , Antonio Agudo