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Extracting the neutral hydrogen (HI) signal is a great challenge for cosmological 21cm experiments, both the astrophysical foregrounds and the receiver noise are typically several orders of magnitude greater than the 21cm signal. However,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-06-14 Qizhi Huang , Fengquan Wu , Reza Ansari , Xuelei Chen

The 21-cm signal from the epoch of reionization is non-Gaussian. Current radio telescopes are focused on detecting the 21-cm power spectrum, but in the future the Square Kilometre Array is anticipated to provide a first measurement of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-06 Sambit K. Giri , Anson D'Aloisio , Garrelt Mellema , Eiichiro Komatsu , Raghunath Ghara , Suman Majumdar

While limited to low spatial resolution, the next generation low-frequency radio interferometers that target 21 cm observations during the era of reionization and prior will have instantaneous fields-of-view that are many tens of square…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 M. G. Santos , L. Ferramacho , M. B. Silva , A. Amblard , A. Cooray

We present an end-to-end simulation and data-processing framework for digital beamforming experiments conducted with four stations of the 21 Centimeter Array (21CMA). Motivated by the need to characterize instrumental systematics, such as…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-04 Feiyu Zhao , Quan Guo , Junhua Gu , Qian Zheng , Yan Huang , Yun Yu

21 cm intensity mapping (HI IM) can efficiently map large cosmic volumes with good redshift resolution, but systematics and foreground contamination pose major challenges for extracting accurate cosmological information. Cross-correlation…

The cross-correlation between high redshift galaxies and 21 cm emission from the high redshift intergalactic medium (IGM) promises to be an excellent probe of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). On large scales, the 21 cm and galaxy fields are…

Detecting the global 21 cm signal from the epoch of reionization remains a major observational challenge due to bright foregrounds and instrumental systematics. As part of the Colombian Antarctic Telescopes for 21 cm Absorption during…

Detecting the redshifted global 21-cm signal from the cosmic dawn (CD) remains a major challenge due to strong terrestrial Radio Frequency Interference (RFI), particularly dominated by Frequency Modulation (FM) transmissions in the 88-110…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-22 Yogen Pranesh , Mayuri Sathyanarayana Rao , Saurabh Singh

In order to study the "Cosmic Dawn" and the Epoch of Reionization with 21 cm tomography, we need to statistically separate the cosmological signal from foregrounds known to be orders of magnitude brighter. Over the last few years, we have…

Fluctuations in the redshifted 21 centimeter emission from neutral hydrogen probe the epoch of reionization. We examine the observability of this signal and the impact of extragalactic foreground radio sources. We use cosmological…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Tiziana Di Matteo , Benedetta Ciardi , Francesco Miniati

By combining the data from surveys for HI 21-cm absorption at various impact parameters in near-by galaxies, we report an anti-correlation between the 21-cm absorption strength (velocity integrated optical depth) and the impact parameter.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-04-27 S. J. Curran , S. N. Reeves , J. R. Allison , E. M. Sadler

Foreground removal presents a significant obstacle in both current and forthcoming intensity mapping surveys. While numerous techniques have been developed that show promise in simulated datasets, their efficacy often diminishes when…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-14 Jiacheng Ding , Xin Wang , Ue-Li Pen , Xiao-Dong Li

Radio interferometers designed to probe the 21cm signal from Cosmic Dawn and the Epoch of Reionisation must contend with systematic effects that make it difficult to achieve sufficient dynamic range to separate the 21cm signal from…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-24 Fraser Kennedy , Philip Bull , Michael Wilensky , Jacob Burba , Samir Choudhuri

As a result of our limited data on reionization, the total optical depth for electron scattering, $\tau$, limits precision measurements of cosmological parameters from the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). It was recently shown that the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-27 Anastasia Fialkov , Abraham Loeb

The relatively large Thomson optical depth, tau_e, inferred recently from the WMAP observations suggests that the Universe was reionized in a more complex manner than previously believed. However, the value of tau_e provides only an…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Matias Zaldarriaga , Steven Furlanetto , Lars Hernquist

The 21-cm hyperfine line of neutral hydrogen is a useful tool to probe the conditions of the Universe during the Dark Ages, Cosmic Dawn, and the Epoch of Reionisation. In most of the current calculations, the 21-cm line signals at given…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-23 Jennifer Y. H. Chan , Qin Han , Kinwah Wu , Jason D. McEwen

21cm tomography promises to be a powerful tool for estimating cosmological parameters, constraining the epoch of reionization, and probing the so-called dark ages. However, realizing this promise will require the extraction of a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-06-02 Adrian Liu , Max Tegmark

The assumptions inherent to global 21-cm signal analyses are rarely delineated. In this paper, we formulate a general list of suppositions underlying a given claimed detection of the global 21-cm signal. Then, we specify the form of these…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-22 Keith Tauscher , David Rapetti , Jack O. Burns

The epoch of reionization is one of the least known chapters in the evolutionary history of the Universe. This thesis investigates two major approaches to unveil the reionization history of the Universe using HI 21-cm maps.The most…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-04 Kanan K. Datta