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It is shown that any left module A over a ring R can be written as the intersection of a downward directed system of injective submodules of an injective module; equivalently, as an inverse limit of one-to-one homomorphisms of injectives.…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2013-05-10 George M. Bergman

Commutative totally ordered monoids abound, number systems for example. When the monoid is not assumed commutative, one may be hard pressed to find an example. One suggested by Professor Orr Shalit are the countable ordinals with addition.…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-06-02 Eliahu Levy

We introduce a preorder on an inverse semigroup $S$ associated to any normal inverse subsemigroup $N$, that lies between the natural partial order and Green's ${\mathscr J}$-relation. The corresponding equivalence relation $\simeq_N$ is not…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2016-02-01 Nouf AlYamani , N. D. Gilbert

An element $a$ in a Banach algebra $\mathcal{A}$ has g-Drazin inverse if there exists $b\in \mathcal{A}$ such that $ab=ba, b=bab$ and $a-a^2b \in \mathcal{A}^{qnil}$. In this paper we find new explicit representations of the g-Drazin…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2022-09-29 Huanyin Chen , Marjan Sheibani

It was noticed recently that, given a metric space $(X,d_X)$, the equivalence classes of metrics on the disjoint union of the two copies of $X$ coinciding with $d_X$ on each copy form an inverse semigroup $M(X)$ with respect to…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2022-04-06 Vladimir Manuilov

We introduce a model to design reflectors that take into account the inverse square law for radiation. We prove existence of solutions, both in the near and far field cases, when the input and output energies are prescribed.

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2013-05-31 Cristian E. Gutierrez , Ahmad Sabra

In this article, the ring of polynomials is studied in a systematic way through the theory of monoid rings. As a consequence, this study provides natural and canonical approaches in order to find easy and rigorous proofs and methods for…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2018-02-23 Abolfazl Tarizadeh

In this paper, we introduce a ring isomorphism between the Clifford algebra $C\ell_{1,2}$ and a ring of matrices. By such a ring isomorphism, we introduce the concept of the Moore-Penrose inverse in Clifford algebra $C\ell_{1,2}$. Using the…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2022-04-26 Wensheng Cao , Ronglan Zheng , Huihui Cao

We study generalized inverses for matrices associated with double star digraphs. Explicit block formulas and existence criteria are obtained for core, dual core, core EP, and dual core EP inverses, expressed in terms of explicit algebraic…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2026-03-17 Faustino Maciala , C. Mendes Araújo , Pedro Patrício

Tools of the intrinsic analysis on manifolds, helpful in solving the invariant inverse problem of the calculus of variations are being presented comprising a combined approach which consists in the simultaneous imposition of symmetry…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2017-08-22 Roman Ya. Matsyuk

We use George Bergman's recent normal form for universally adjoining an inner inverse to show that, for general rings, a nilpotent regular element $x$ need not be unit-regular. This contrasts sharply with the situation for nilpotent regular…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2017-01-10 P. Ara , K. C. O'Meara

We define the rank of elements of general unital rings, discuss its properties and give several examples to support the definition. In semiprime rings we give a characterization of rank in terms of invertible elements. As an application we…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2023-08-28 Nik Stopar

Right (and left) coherency and right (and left) weak coherency are natural finitary conditions for monoids. Determining whether or not a given monoid has any of these properties is historically a difficult problem. This paper has several…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-07-28 Victoria Gould , Marianne Johnson

The main objective of this paper is to introduce unique representations and characterizations for the weighted core inverse of matrices. We also investigate various properties of these inverses and their relationships with other generalized…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-12-15 Bibekananda Sitha , Ratikanta Behera , Jajati Keshari Sahoo , R. N. Mohapatra , Predrag Stanimirovic

We show how to reconstruct the topology on the monoid of endomorphisms of the rational numbers under the strict or reflexive order relation, and the polymorphism clone of the rational numbers under the reflexive relation. In addition we…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2018-12-20 Mike Behrisch , John K Truss , Edith Vargas-García

Wreath products involving symmetric inverse monoids/semigroups/categories arise in many areas of algebra and science, and presentations by generators and relations are crucial tools in such studies. The current paper finds such…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2023-01-11 Chad Clark , James East

Let $R$ be a ring with involution. In this paper, we introduce a new type of generalized inverse called pseudo core inverse in $R$. The notion of core inverse was introduced by Baksalary and Trenkler for matrices of index 1 in 2010 and then…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2017-04-12 Yuefeng Gao , Jianlong Chen

The aim of this work is to characterize linear maps of inner pro\-duct infinite-dimensional vector spaces where the Moore-Penrose inverse exists. This MP inverse generalizes the well-known Moore-Penrose inverse of a matrix $A\in…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2020-07-07 V. Cabezas Sánchez , F. Pablos Romo

Existence criteria for the $(b,c)$-inverse are given.% in terms of annihilators. We present explicit expressions for the $(b,c)$-inverse by using inner inverses. We answer the question when the $(b,c)$-inverse of $a\in R$ is an inner…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2017-06-26 Sanzhang Xu , Julio Benitez

An element $g$ of a group is called {\em reversible} if it is conjugate in the group to its inverse. This paper is about reversibles in the group $G$ of formally-invertible pairs of formal power series in two variables, with complex…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2022-03-22 Anthony G. O'Farrell , Dmitri Zaitsev