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We prove a.s. (almost sure) unisolvency of interpolation by continuous random sampling with respect to any given density, in spaces of multivariate a.e. (almost everywhere) analytic functions. Examples are given concerning polynomial and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-03-27 Francesco Dell'Accio , Alvise Sommariva , Marco Vianello

We give a new explicitly invertible approximation of the normal cumulative distribution function: $\Phi(x) \simeq 1/2 + 1/2 \sqrt{1-{e}^{-x^2\frac{17+{x}^{2}}{26.694+2x^2}}}$, $\forall x \ge 0$, with absolute error $<4.00\cdot 10^{-5}$,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-11-28 Alessandro Soranzo , Emanuela Epure

Estimating the score, i.e., the gradient of log density function, from a set of samples generated by an unknown distribution is a fundamental task in inference and learning of probabilistic models that involve flexible yet intractable…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-01 Yuhao Zhou , Jiaxin Shi , Jun Zhu

The bivariate normal density with unit variance and correlation $\rho$ is well-known. We show that by integrating out $\rho$, the result is a function of the maximum norm. The Bayesian interpretation of this result is that if we put a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-11-20 Kai Zhang , Lawrence D. Brown , Edward George , Linda Zhao

In the first part of the paper we study absolute error of sampling discretization of the integral $L_p$-norm for function classes of continuous functions. We use basic approaches from chaining technique to provide general upper bounds for…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-08-12 E. D. Kosov , V. N. Temlyakov

Benchmarking studies in computational chemistry use reference datasets to assess the accuracy of a method through error statistics. The commonly used error statistics, such as the mean signed and mean unsigned errors, do not inform…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2018-03-19 Pascal Pernot , Andreas Savin

Functional data that are nonnegative and have a constrained integral can be considered as samples of one-dimensional density functions. Such data are ubiquitous. Due to the inherent constraints, densities do not live in a vector space and,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-01-13 Alexander Petersen , Hans-Georg Müller

Discrete probability laws underpin statistical modeling, yet the catalog of interpretable distributions has expanded only gradually through centuries of case-by-case mathematical derivations. We introduce symbolic density estimation (SDE),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Ziwen Liu , Meng Li

Finding a good way to model probability densities is key to probabilistic inference. An ideal model should be able to concisely approximate any probability while being also compatible with two main operations: multiplications of two models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Alessandro Rudi , Carlo Ciliberto

We consider a generalization of the classifier-based density-ratio estimation task to a quasiprobabilistic setting where probability densities can be negative. The problem with most loss functions used for this task is that they implicitly…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-24 Matthew Drnevich , Stephen Jiggins , Kyle Cranmer

In this paper we address the complexity of solving linear programming problems with a set of differential equations that converge to a fixed point that represents the optimal solution. Assuming a probabilistic model, where the inputs are…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Asa Ben-Hur , Joshua Feinberg , Shmuel Fishman , Hava T. Siegelmann

We review some probabilistic properties of the sum-of-digits function of random integers. New asymptotic approximations to the total variation distance and its refinements are also derived. Four different approaches are used: a classical…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-10-14 Louis H. Y. Chen , Hsien-Kuei Hwang , Vytas Zacharovas

Bivariate partial-sums discrete probability distributions are defined. The question of the existence of a limit distribution for iterated partial summations is solved for finite-support bivariate distributions which satisfy conditions under…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-03-11 Lívia Leššova , Ján Mačutek

This paper studies the properties of the probability density function $p_{\alpha,\nu, n}(\mathbf{x})$ of the $n$-variate generalized Linnik distribution whose characteristic function $\varphi_{\alpha,\nu,n}(\boldsymbol{t})$ is given by…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-11-05 S. C. Lim , L. P. Teo

In this work, we revisit the problem of uniformity testing of discrete probability distributions. A fundamental problem in distribution testing, testing uniformity over a known domain has been addressed over a significant line of works, and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-08-17 Tuğkan Batu , Clément L. Canonne

This paper concerns a spectral estimation problem in which we want to find a spectral density function that is consistent with estimated second-order statistics. It is an inverse problem admitting multiple solutions, and selection of a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-08-08 Bin Zhu

This article exemplifies a novel approach to the teaching of introductory differential calculus using the modern notion of ``infinitesimal'' as opposed to the traditional approach using the notion of ``limit''. I illustrate the power of the…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jack L. Uretsky

Let $X$ and $Y$ be independent variance-gamma random variables with zero location parameter; then the exact probability density function of the ratio $X/Y$ is derived. Some basic distributional properties are also derived, including…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-02-27 Robert E. Gaunt , Siqi Li

We consider deconvolution from repeated observations with unknown error distribution. So far, this model has mostly been studied under the additional assumption that the errors are symmetric. We construct an estimator for the non-symmetric…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-07-15 Johanna Kappus , Fabienne Comte

It is well known that the output of a Neural Network trained to disentangle between two classes has a probabilistic interpretation in terms of the a-posteriori Bayesian probability, provided that a unary representation is taken for the…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2009-10-31 Lluis Garrido , Aurelio Juste