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In the online sorting problem, $n$ items are revealed one by one and have to be placed (immediately and irrevocably) into empty cells of a size-$n$ array. The goal is to minimize the sum of absolute differences between items in consecutive…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Mikkel Abrahamsen , Ioana O. Bercea , Lorenzo Beretta , Jonas Klausen , László Kozma

We break the barrier of $3/2$ for the problem of online load balancing with known makespan, also known as bin stretching. In this problem, $m$ identical machines and the optimal makespan are given. The load of a machine is the total size of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Martin Böhm , Matej Lieskovský , Sören Schmitt , Jiří Sgall , Rob van Stee

Packing cost accounts for a large part of the e-commerce logistics cost. Mining the patterns of customer orders and designing suitable packing bins help to reduce operating cost. In the classical bin packing problem, a given set of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-12-10 Xinhang Zhang , Haoyuan Hu , Longfei Wang , Zhijun Sun , Ying Zhang , Kunpeng Han , Yinghui Xu

We study a fundamental model of online preference aggregation, where an algorithm maintains an ordered list of $n$ elements. An input is a stream of preferred sets $R_1, R_2, \dots, R_t, \dots$. Upon seeing $R_t$ and without knowledge of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Marcin Bienkowski , Marcin Mucha

This work presents an optimally-competitive algorithm for the problem of maximum weighted online perfect bipartite matching with i.i.d. arrivals. In this problem, we are given a known set of workers, a distribution over job types, and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-06-03 Minjun Chang , Dorit S. Hochbaum , Quico Spaen , Mark Velednitsky

We consider the problem of packing rectangles into bins that are unit squares, where the goal is to minimize the number of bins used. All rectangles have to be packed non-overlapping and orthogonal, i.e., axis-parallel. We present an…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-03-16 Rolf Harren , Rob van Stee

The Bin Packing Problem (BPP) has attracted enthusiastic research interest recently, owing to widespread applications in logistics and warehousing environments. It is truly essential to optimize the bin packing to enable more objects to be…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Baoying Wang , Huixu Dong

In \emph{Online Sorting}, an array of $n$ initially empty cells is given. At each time step $t$, an element $x_t \in [0,1]$ arrives and must be placed irrevocably into an empty cell without any knowledge of future arrivals. We aim to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Andreas Kalavas , Charalampos Platanos , Thanos Tolias

In \emph{Online Sorting}, an array of $n$ initially empty cells is given. At each time step $t$, an element $x_t \in [0,1]$ arrives and must be placed irrevocably into an empty cell without any knowledge of future arrivals. We aim to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Andreas Kalavas , Charalampos Platanos , Thanos Tolias

Online models that allow recourse are highly effective in situations where classical models are too pessimistic. One such problem is the online machine covering problem on identical machines. In this setting, jobs arrive one by one and must…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-08-29 Waldo Gálvez , José A. Soto , José Verschae

In the setting of online algorithms, the input is initially not present but rather arrive one-by-one over time and after each input, the algorithm has to make a decision. Depending on the formulation of the problem, the algorithm might be…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-01-10 Mustafa Safa Ozdayi

The two-dimensional non-oriented bin packing problem with due dates packs a set of rectangular items, which may be rotated by 90 degrees, into identical rectangular bins. The bins have equal processing times. An item's lateness is the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-11-09 S. Polyakovskiy , R. M'Hallah

While rectangular and box-shaped objects dominate the classic discourse of theoretic investigations, a fascinating frontier lies in packing more complex shapes. Given recent insights that convex polygons do not allow for constant…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Tim Gerlach , Benjamin Hennies , Linda Kleist

We consider the online Min-Sum Set Cover (MSSC), a natural and intriguing generalization of the classical list update problem. In Online MSSC, the algorithm maintains a permutation on $n$ elements based on subsets $S_1, S_2, \ldots$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-06-30 Dimitris Fotakis , Loukas Kavouras , Grigorios Koumoutsos , Stratis Skoulakis , Manolis Vardas

In this work, we study the square min-sum bin packing problem (SMSBPP), where a list of square items has to be packed into indexed square bins of dimensions $1 \times 1$ with no overlap between the areas of the items. The bins are indexed…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-07-14 Rachel Vanucchi Saraiva , Rafael C. S. Schouery

We study the online clustering problem where data items arrive in an online fashion. The algorithm maintains a clustering of data items into similarity classes. Upon arrival of v, the relation between v and previously arrived items is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-02-03 Claire Mathieu , Ocan Sankur , Warren Schudy

A retailer is purchasing goods in bundles from suppliers and then selling these goods in bundles to customers; her goal is to maximize profit, which is the revenue obtained from selling goods minus the cost of purchasing those goods. In…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Yossi Azar , Niv Buchbinder , Roie Levin , Or Vardi

We study the classic Bin Packing problem in a fully-dynamic setting, where new items can arrive and old items may depart. We want algorithms with low asymptotic competitive ratio \emph{while repacking items sparingly} between updates.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-05-18 Anupam Gupta , Guru Guruganesh , Amit Kumar , David Wajc

Following an orginal idea by Kn\"odel, an online bin-packing problem is considered where the the large items arrive in double-packs. The dual problem where the small items arrive in double-packs is also considered. The enumerations have a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-09-08 Helmut Prodinger

In the random-order online set cover problem, the instance with $m$ sets and $n$ elements is chosen in a worst-case fashion, but then the elements arrive in a uniformly random order. Can this random-order model allow us to circumvent the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Anupam Gupta , Marco Molinaro , Matteo Russo