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We present the optimal collective attack on a Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol in the "device-independent" security scenario, where no assumptions are made about the way the QKD devices work or on what quantum system they operate.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-10-22 Antonio Acin , Nicolas Brunner , Nicolas Gisin , Serge Massar , Stefano Pironio , Valerio Scarani

We present a scheme for three-party simultaneous quantum secure direct communication by using EPR pairs. In the scheme, three legitimate parties can simultaneously exchange their secret messages. It is also proved to be secure against the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Mei-Yu Wang , Feng-Li Yan

The concatenated Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (C-GHZ) state is a new type of multipartite entangled state, which has potential application in future quantum information. In this paper, we propose a protocol of constructing arbitrary C-GHZ…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-28 Rui Guo , Lan Zhou , Shi-Pu Gu , Xing-Fu Wang , Yu-Bo Sheng

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) has emerged as a promising approach for secure quantum communication, offering advantages such as high key generation rates, compatibility with standard telecommunication infrastructure,…

We study a continuous variable (CV) dense-coding protocol, originally proposed to employ a two-mode squeezed state, using a general two-mode Gaussian state as a quantum channel. We particularly obtain conditions to manifest quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-08-07 Jaehak Lee , Se-Wan Ji , Jiyong Park , Hyunchul Nha

Entanglement-measurement attack is one of the most famous attacks against quantum cryptography. In quantum cryptography protocols, eavesdropping checking is an effective means to resist this attack. There are currently two commonly used…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-09 Zhaoxu Ji , Huanguo Zhang

We investigate the connection between the optimal collective eavesdropping attack and the optimal cloning attack where the eavesdropper employs an optimal cloner to attack the quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol. The analysis is done in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-30 Agnes Ferenczi , Norbert Lütkenhaus

We consider a generalisation of Ekert's entanglement-based quantum cryptographic protocol where qubits are replaced by qu$N$its (i.e., N-dimensional systems). In order to study its robustness against optimal incoherent attacks, we derive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Thomas Durt , Dagomir Kaszlikowski , Jing-Ling Chen , L. C. Kwek

We propose a new scheme for quantum secret sharing (QSS) that uses a modulated high-dimensional time-bin entanglement. By modulating the relative phase randomly by {0,pi}, a sender with the entanglement source can randomly change the sign…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Hiroki Takesue , Kyo Inoue

We propose two types of quantum dense coding communication networks with optical continuous variables, in which a quadripartite entangled state of the optical field with totally three-party correlations of quadrature amplitudes is utilized.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 Heng Shen , Xiaolong Su , Xiaojun Jia , Changde Xie

We report an experimental implementation of free-space quantum secure direct communication based on single photons. The quantum communication scheme uses phase encoding, and the asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer is optimized so as to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-04 Dong Pan , Zaisheng Lin , Jiawei Wu , Zhen Sun , Dong Ruan , Liuguo Yin , Guilu Long

This paper introduces the Symmetric Extensible Quantum Secret Sharing protocol, which is a novel quantum protocol for secret sharing. At its heart, it is an entanglement based protocol that relies on the use of maximally entangled GHZ…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-14 Michael Ampatzis , Theodore Andronikos

Measurement-device-independent entanglement witness (MDI-EW) will always give an affirmative certification for witnessing entanglement with untrusted measurement apparatuses. Using the MDI-EW method, we propose a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-09 Xiuqing Yang , Kejin Wei , Haiqiang Ma , Shihai Sun , Hongwei Liu , Zuohan Li , Zhenqiang Yin , Yungang Du , Lingan Wu

In this work, we present a quantum secret sharing scheme based on Bell state entanglement and sequential projection measurements. The protocol verifies the $n$ out of $n$ scheme and supports the aborting of the protocol in case all the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-17 Farhan Musanna , Sanjeev Kumar

Security bounds for key distribution protocols using coherent and squeezed states and homodyne measurements are presented. These bounds refer to (i) general attacks and (ii) collective attacks where Eve interacts individually with the sent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Miguel Navascues , Antonio Acin

Establishing secure data communication necessitates secure key exchange over a public channel. Quantum key distribution (QKD), which leverages the principles of quantum physics, can achieve this with information-theoretic security. The…

In this paper we present finite-key security analysis for quantum key distribution protocol based on weak coherent (in particular phase-coded) states using a fully quantum asymptotic equipartition property technique. This work is the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-12 Anton Kozubov , Andrei Gaidash , George Miroshnichenko

Continuous-variable quantum states are of particular importance in various quantum information processing tasks including quantum communication and quantum sensing. However, a bottleneck has emerged with the fast increasing in size of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-13 Ye-Chao Liu , Jiangwei Shang , Xiangdong Zhang

We propose in this paper a novel deterministic protocol using particular maximally entangled states of polarized photons for a genuine bidirectional secure communication setup. We further propose a plausible experimental setup for such a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. S. Shaari , R. S. Said , M. R. B. Wahiddin

Multipartite device-independent quantum key distribution (DI-QKD), also known as device-independent conference key agreement, enables more than two remote parties to share a common key with information-theoretic security even without…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Makoto Ishihara , Wojciech Roga , Masahiro Takeoka