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This is a survey on the use of low-degree polynomials to predict and explain the apparent statistical-computational tradeoffs in a variety of average-case computational problems. In a nutshell, this framework measures the complexity of a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-13 Alexander S. Wein

A backdoor in a finite-domain CSP instance is a set of variables where each possible instantiation moves the instance into a polynomial-time solvable class. Backdoors have found many applications in artificial intelligence and elsewhere,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-11-21 Peter Jonsson , Victor Lagerkvist , Sebastian Ordyniak

In this paper we consider the resolvent Stokes problem in the case there is a small perturbation of the domain caused by a perturbed boundary. Firstly, we prove that the solution of Stokes problem is continuous due to this small…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-04-10 T. H. C Luong , C. Daveau

Submodularity is a fundamental phenomenon in combinatorial optimization. Submodular functions occur in a variety of combinatorial settings such as coverage problems, cut problems, welfare maximization, and many more. Therefore, a lot of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-11-08 Shaddin Dughmi

Estimation of density functions supported on general domains arises when the data is naturally restricted to a proper subset of the real space. This problem is complicated by typically intractable normalizing constants. Score matching…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-09-25 Shiqing Yu , Mathias Drton , Ali Shojaie

The domains of mesh functions are strict subsets of the underlying space of continuous independent variables. Spaces of partial maps between topological spaces admit topologies which do not depend on any metric. Such topologies…

General Topology · Mathematics 2020-07-02 George W. Patrick

Assignment flows denote a class of dynamical models for contextual data labeling (classification) on graphs. We derive a novel parametrization of assignment flows that reveals how the underlying information geometry induces two processes…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-10-17 Fabrizio Savarino , Christoph Schnörr

We introduce proper display calculi for basic monotonic modal logic,the conditional logic CK and a number of their axiomatic extensions. These calculi are sound, complete, conservative and enjoy cut elimination and subformula property. Our…

Dialectical logic is the logic of dialectical processes. The goal of dialectical logic is to introduce dynamic notions into logical computational systems. The fundamental notions of proposition and truth-value in standard logic are subsumed…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-09-13 Robert E. Kent

The definition is a common form of human expert knowledge, a building block of formal science and mathematics, a foundation for database theory and is supported in various forms in many knowledge representation and formal specification…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-02-16 Marc Denecker , Bart Bogaerts , Joost Vennekens

In this paper we present a new theory of calculus over $k$-dimensional domains in a smooth $n$-manifold, unifying the discrete, exterior, and continuum theories. The calculus begins at a single point and is extended to chains of finitely…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jenny Harrison

This survey paper is aimed to describe a relatively new branch of symbolic dynamics which we call Arithmetic Dynamics. It deals with explicit arithmetic expansions of reals and vectors that have a "dynamical" sense. This means precisely…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Nikita Sidorov

This paper lays a practical foundation for using abstract interpretation with an abstract domain that consists of sets of quantified first-order logic formulas. This abstract domain seems infeasible at first sight due to the complexity of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Eden Frenkel , Tej Chajed , Oded Padon , Sharon Shoham

We continue work of our earlier paper (Lewitzka and Brunner: Minimally generated abstract logics, Logica Universalis 3(2), 2009), where abstract logics and particularly intuitionistic abstract logics are studied. Abstract logics can be…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-04-04 Andreas B. M. Brunner , Steffen Lewitzka

Abstraction logic is a new logic, serving as a foundation of mathematics. It combines features of both predicate logic and higher-order logic: abstraction logic can be viewed both as higher-order logic minus static types as well as…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Steven Obua

This work proposes a mathematical approach that (re)defines a property of Machine Learning models named stability and determines sufficient conditions to validate it. Machine Learning models are represented as functions, and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Gabriel Pedroza

There is much interest in providing probabilistic semantics for defaults but most approaches seem to suffer from one of two problems: either they require numbers, a problem defaults were intended to avoid, or they generate peculiar side…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-10 Eric Neufeld , David L Poole

Domain decomposition methods are used for approximate solving boundary problems for partial differential equations on parallel computing systems. Specific features of unsteady problems are taken into account in the most complete way in…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2011-05-18 Petr N. Vabishchevich

We present a computational model of mathematical reasoning according to which mathematics is a fundamentally stochastic process. That is, on our model, whether or not a given formula is deemed a theorem in some axiomatic system is not a…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-12-16 David H. Wolpert , David Kinney

Functions with uniform sublevel sets can represent orders, preference relations or other binary relations and thus turn out to be a tool for scalarization that can be used in multicriteria optimization, decision theory, mathematical…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-12-06 Petra Weidner