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Related papers: Knots with small lattice stick numbers

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The ropelength of a knot is the minimum contour length of a tube of unit radius that traces out the knot in three dimensional space without self-overlap, colloquially the minimum amount of rope needed to tie a given knot. Theoretical upper…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2021-10-27 Alexander R. Klotz , Matthew Maldonado

We show that every knot has a checkerbord diagram and that every knot is the closure of a rosette braid. We define Fourier knots of type (n_1, n_2, n_3) as knots which have parametrizations where each coordinate function x_i(t) is a finite…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2012-10-17 Christoph Lamm

A quadruple crossing is a crossing in a projection of a knot or link that has four strands of the knot passing straight through it. A quadruple crossing projection is a projection such that all of the crossings are quadruple crossings. In a…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2019-02-20 Colin Adams

A polynomial knot is a smooth embedding $\kappa: \real \to \real^n$ whose components are polynomials. The case $n = 3$ is of particular interest. It is both an object of real algebraic geometry as well as being an open ended topological…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Alan Durfee , Donal O'Shea

In 1991, Negami found an upper bound on the stick number $s(K)$ of a nontrivial knot $K$ in terms of the minimal crossing number $c(K)$ of the knot which is $s(K) \leq 2 c(K)$. In this paper we improve this upper bound to $s(K) \leq…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2015-12-14 Youngsik Huh , Seungsang Oh

The aim of this note is to share the observation that the set of elementary operations of Turing on lattice knots can be reduced to just one type of simple local switches.

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2024-09-18 Sasha Anan'in , Alexandre Grishkov , Dmitrii Korshunov

This survey reviews Kauffman's model of folded ribbon knots: knots made of a thin strip of paper folded flat in the plane. The ribbonlength is the length to width ratio of such a ribbon, and the ribbonlength problem asks to minimize the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2018-07-03 Elizabeth Denne

The unknotting number of a knot is the minimum number of crossings one must change to turn that knot into the unknot. The algebraic unknotting number is the minimum number of crossing changes needed to transform a knot into an Alexander…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2016-06-22 Kenan Ince

We introduce a new numerical knot invariant, termed the \textit{segment number}, which is derived from partitioned knot diagrams subject to specific over/under-crossing constraints. We prove that a knot is non-trivial if and only if its…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2026-02-19 Makoto Ozawa

It is known that the arc index of alternating knots is the minimal crossing number plus two and the arc index of prime nonalternating knots is less than or equal to the minimal crossing number. We study some cases when the arc index is…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2011-06-15 Gyo Taek Jin , Hwa Jeong Lee

The knotting probability is defined by the probability with which an $N$-step self-avoiding polygon (SAP) with a fixed type of knot appears in the configuration space. We evaluate these probabilities for some knot types on a simple cubic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Akihisa Yao , Hiroshi Matsuda , Hiroshi Tsukahara , Miyuki K. Shimamura , Tetsuo Deguchi

Every classical or virtual knot is equivalent to the unknot via a sequence of extended Reidemeister moves and the so-called forbidden moves. The minimum number of forbidden moves necessary to unknot a given knot is an invariant we call the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2018-08-14 Alissa Crans , Sandy Ganzell , Blake Mellor

The main open problem in geometric knot theory is to provide a tabulation of knots based on an energy criterion, with the goal of presenting this tabulation in terms of global energy minimisers within isotopy classes, often referred to as…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-06-06 José Ayala

There are infinitely many pretzel links with the same Alexander polynomial (actually with trivial Alexander polynomial). By contrast, in this note we revisit the Jones polynomial of pretzel links and prove that, given a natural number S,…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2020-11-20 R. Díaz , P. M. G. Manchón

A weaving knot is an alternating knot whose minimal diagram is a closed braid of a lattice-like pattern. In this paper, the warping degree of a braid diagram is defined, and upper bounds of the unknotting number and the region unknotting…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-11-06 Ayaka Shimizu , Amrendra Gill , Sahil Joshi

A triple crossing is a crossing in a projection of a knot or link that has three strands of the knot passing straight through it. A triple crossing projection is a projection such that all of the crossings are triple crossings. We prove…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2012-09-05 Colin Adams

A partial order on the set of prime knots can be defined by the existence of an epimorphism between knot groups. We prove that all the prime knots with up to $6$ crossings are minimal. We also show that each fibered knot with the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-12-11 Teruaki Kitano , Masaaki Suzuki

The theory of tunnel number 1 knots detailed in our previous paper, The tree of knot tunnels, provides a non-negative integer invariant called the depth of the tunnel. We give various results related to the depth invariant. Noting that it…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-08-28 Sangbum Cho , Darryl McCullough

Given a thin strip of paper, tie a knot, connect the ends, and flatten into the plane. This is a physical model of a folded ribbon knot in the plane, first introduced by Louis Kauffman. We study the folded ribbonlength of these folded…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-10-21 Zhicheng Chen , Elizabeth Denne , Kyle Patterson , Timi Patterson

It is known that there are only finitely many knots with super bridge index 3. Jin and Jeon have provided a list of possible such candidates. However, they conjectured that the only knots with super bridge index 3 are trefoil and the figure…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2012-09-17 Rama Mishra