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We prove quasi-monotonicity formulas for classical obstacle-type problems with energies being the sum of a quadratic form with Lipschitz coefficients, and a H\"older continuous linear term. With the help of those formulas we are able to…
We study general properties such as the solution representation of a moving boundary value problem of the Black-Scholes equation, its min-max estimation, lower and upper gradient estimates, and strict monotonicity with respect to the…
We develop a unified framework for modeling multiple term structures arising in financial, insurance, and energy markets, adopting an extended Heath-Jarrow-Morton (HJM) approach under the real-world probability. We study market viability…
This papers addresses the stock option pricing problem in a continuous time market model where there are two stochastic tradable assets, and one of them is selected as a num\'eraire. It is shown that the presence of arbitrarily small…
In this note, we study monotone dynamical systems with respect to polyhedral cones. Using the half-space representation and the vertex representation, we propose three equivalent conditions to certify monotonicity of a dynamical system with…
We formalize and analyze the notions of stochastic monotonicity and realizable mono-tonicity for Markov Chains in continuous-time, taking values in a finite partially ordered set. Similarly to what happens in discrete-time, the two notions…
A general algebraic condition for the functional independence of 2n-1 constants of motion of an n-dimensional maximal superintegrable Hamiltonian system has been proved for an arbitrary finite n. This makes it possible to construct, in a…
Explicitly taking into account the risk incurred when borrowing at a shorter tenor versus lending at a longer tenor ("roll-over risk"), we construct a stochastic model framework for the term structure of interest rates in which a frequency…
We introduce a notion of $k$th order stochastic monotonicity and duality that allows one to unify the notion used in insurance mathematics (sometimes refereed to as Siegmund's duality) for the study of ruin probability and the duality…
Conic martingales refer to Brownian martingales evolving between bounds. Among other potential applications, they have been suggested for the sake of modeling conditional survival probabilities under partial information, as usual in…
This article considers the average optimality for a continuous-time Markov decision process with Borel state and action spaces and an arbitrarily unbounded nonnegative cost rate. The existence of a deterministic stationary optimal policy is…
This paper studies the monotonicity of equilibrium costs and equilibrium loads in nonatomic congestion games, in response to variations of the demands. The main goal is to identify conditions under which a paradoxical non-monotone behavior…
We investigate pricing-hedging duality for American options in discrete time financial models where some assets are traded dynamically and others, e.g. a family of European options, only statically. In the first part of the paper we…
In this work we consider an inhomogeneous two-phase obstacle-type problem driven by the fractional Laplacian. In particular, making use of the Caffarelli-Silvestre extension, Almgren and Monneau type monotonicity formulas and blow-up…
We develop a novel - cylindrical - solution concept for stochastic evolution equations. Our motivation is to establish a Heath-Jarrow-Morton framework capable of analysing financial term structures with discontinuities, overcoming deep…
Given two random variables $X$ and $Y$, stochastic monotonicity describes a monotone influence of $X$ on $Y$. We prove two different characterizations of stochastically monotone $2$-copulas using the isomorphism between $2$-copulas and…
Unlike classical and free independence, the boolean and monotone notions of independence lack of the property of independent constants. In the scalar case, this leads to restrictions for the central limit theorems, as observed by F.…
We develop a general term structure framework taking stochastic discontinuities explicitly into account. Stochastic discontinuities are a key feature in interest rate markets, as for example the jumps of the term structures in…
We develop a constructive theory of finite multisets in Homotopy Type Theory, defining them as free commutative monoids. After recalling basic structural properties of the free commutative-monoid construction, we formalise and establish the…
A system of two operator equations is considered - one of pseudomonotone type and the other of strongly monotone type - both being strongly coupled. Conditions are given that allow to reduce the solvability of this system to a single…