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Experiments are beginning to probe the interaction of quantum particles with gravitational fields beyond the uniform-field regime. In non-relativistic quantum mechanics, the gravitational field in such experiments can be written as a…
A fundamental prediction of quantum theory that is derived from the "projection postulate" is that under continuous measurement, the state of a system traces out a "quantum trajectory" in time that depends upon its measurement record, and…
Even though the evolution of an isolated quantum system is unitary, the complexity of interacting many-body systems prevents the observation of recurrences of quantum states for all but the smallest systems. For large systems one can not…
Quantum theory makes the most accurate empirical predictions and yet it lacks simple, comprehensible physical principles from which the theory can be uniquely derived. A broad class of probabilistic theories exist which all share some…
The quantum superposition principle is reconsidered based on adiabatic theorem of quantum mechanics, nonadiabatic dressed states and experimental evidence. The physical mechanism and physical properties of the quantum superposition are…
The frame of classical probability theory can be generalized by enlarging the usual family of random variables in order to encompass nondeterministic ones: this leads to a frame in which two kinds of correlations emerge: the classical…
What happens when one of the parameters governing the dynamics of a long-range interacting system of particles in thermal equilibrium is abruptly changed (quenched) to a different value? While a short-range system, under the same…
A model of quantum measurement, illustrated using the spin--boson model, is formulated in terms of a cascading pair of quantum phase transitions. The first produces the desired superposition of macroscopic responses to the microscopic state…
The act of describing how a physical process changes a system is the basis for understanding observed phenomena. For quantum-mechanical processes in particular, the affect of processes on quantum states profoundly advances our knowledge of…
Collective spin systems -- spin ensembles coupled to a common reservoir and effectively described by a single macrospin -- play an important role in both atomic and solid-state physics. Their intrinsic nonlinearity gives rise to multiple…
Classical linear wave superposition produces the appearance of interference. This observation can be interpreted in two equivalent ways: one can assume that interference is an illusion because input components remain unperturbed, or that…
It is well known that in a quantum phase transition (QPT), entanglement remains short ranged [Osterloh et al., Nature 416 608-610 (2005)]. We ask if there is a quantum property entailing the whole system which diverges near this point.…
Quantum critical states exhibit strong quantum fluctuations and are therefore highly susceptible to perturbations. In this work we study the dynamical stability against a sudden coupling to these strong fluctuations by quenching the order…
The conceptual setting of quantum mechanics is subject to an ongoing debate from its beginnings until now. The consequences of the apparent differences between quantum statistics and classical statistics range from the philosophical…
Physical systems in real life are inextricably linked to their surroundings and never completely separated from them. Truly closed systems do not exist. The phenomenon of decoherence, which is brought about by the interaction with the…
A novel quantum time dilation effect is shown to arise when a clock moves in a quantum superposition of two relativistic velocities. This effect is argued to be measurable using existing atomic interferometry techniques, potentially…
Two quantum measurements sequentially acting one after the other, if they are mutually unbiased, will lead to a complete removal of information encoded in the input quantum state. We find that if the order of the two sequential measurements…
Equilibrium properties of many-body systems with a large number of degrees of freedom are generally expected to be described by statistical mechanics. Such expectations are closely tied to the observation of thermalization, as manifested…
The temporal evolution of an unstable quantum mechanical system undergoing repeated measurements is investigated. In general, by changing the time interval between successive measurements, the decay can be accelerated (inverse quantum Zeno…
The evolution of a quantum system under observation becomes retarded or even impeded. We review this ``quantum Zeno effect'' in the light of the criticism that has been raised upon a previous attempt to demonstrate it, of later…