Related papers: Cascades in interdependent flow networks

We study how network structure affects the dynamics of collateral in presence of rehypothecation. We build a simple model wherein banks interact via chains of repo contracts and use their proprietary collateral or re-use the collateral…

Power grids, road maps, and river streams are examples of infrastructural networks which are highly vulnerable to external perturbations. An abrupt local change of load (voltage, traffic density, or water level) might propagate in a…

We study a system composed from two interdependent networks A and B, where a fraction of the nodes in network A depends on the nodes of network B and a fraction of the nodes in network B depends on the nodes of network A. Due to the…

Power grids are nowadays experiencing a transformation due to the introduction of Distributed Generation based on Renewable Sources. At difference with classical Distributed Generation, where local power sources mitigate anomalous user…

Cascading failures constitute an important vulnerability of interconnected systems. Here we focus on the study of such failures on networks in which the connectivity of nodes is constrained by geographical distance. Specifically, we use…

We consider a DC electricity grid composed of transmission lines connecting power generators and consumers at its nodes. The DC grid is described by nonlinear equations derived from Kirchhoff's law. For an initial distribution of consumed…

This paper presents a quantitative comparison of power grid reinforcement strategies. We evaluate three approaches: (1) doubling transmission links (bridges) between different communities, (2) adding bypasses around weakly synchronized…

Achieving safety is a critical aspect of attaining autonomy in a platoon of autonomous vehicles. In this paper, we propose a distributionally robust risk framework to investigate cascading failures in platoons. To examine the impact of…

Random links between otherwise distant nodes can greatly facilitate the propagation of disease or information, provided contagion can be transmitted by a single active node. However we show that when the propagation requires simultaneous…

Threshold rules of spreading in binary-state networks lead to cascades. We study persistent cascade-recovery dynamics on quasi-robust networks, i.e., networks which are robust against small trigger but may collapse for larger one. It is…

Interdependencies are ubiquitous throughout the world. Every real-world system interacts with and is dependent on other systems, and this interdependency affects their performance. In particular, interdependencies among networks make them…

Large cascades are a common occurrence in many natural and engineered complex systems. In this paper we explore the propagation of cascades across networks using realistic network topologies, such as heterogeneous degree distributions, as…

Power grids sustain modern society by supplying electricity and thus their stability is a crucial factor for our civilization. The dynamic stability of a power grid is usually quantified by the probability of its nodes' recovery to phase…

We analyse the flow curves of a two-dimensional assembly of granular particles which are interacting via frictional contact forces. For packing fractions slightly below jamming, the fluid undergoes a large scale instability, implying a…

We study how large functional networks can grow stably under possible cascading overload failures and evaluated the maximum stable network size above which even a small-scale failure would cause a fatal breakdown of the network. Employing a…

We model smart grids as complex interdependent networks, and study targeted attacks on smart grids for the first time. A smart grid consists of two networks: the power network and the communication network, interconnected by edges.…

We investigate the influence that adding a new coupling has on the linear stability of the synchronous state in coupled oscillators networks. Using a simple model we show that, depending on its location, the new coupling can lead to…

Sudden failure of a single transmission element in a power grid can induce a domino effect of cascading failures, which can lead to the isolation of a large number of consumers or even to the failure of the entire grid. Here we present…

We develop the theory of sparse multiplex networks with partially overlapping links based on their local tree-likeness. This theory enables us to find the giant mutually connected component in a two-layer multiplex network with arbitrary…

Carreras, Dobson and colleagues have studied empirical data on the sizes of the blackouts in real grids and modeled them by computer simulations using the direct current approximation. They have found that the resulting blackout sizes are…