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Image datasets such as MNIST are a key benchmark for testing Graph Neural Network (GNN) architectures. The images are traditionally represented as a grid graph with each node representing a pixel and edges connecting neighboring pixels…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-08 Mayur S Gowda , John Shi , Augusto Santos , José M. F. Moura

Graph kernels have been successfully applied to many graph classification problems. Typically, a kernel is first designed, and then an SVM classifier is trained based on the features defined implicitly by this kernel. This two-stage…

Visual segmentation is a key perceptual function that partitions visual space and allows for detection, recognition and discrimination of objects in complex environments. The processes underlying human segmentation of natural images are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-03 Jonathan Vacher , Pascal Mamassian , Ruben Coen-Cagli

Objects and their relationships are critical contents for image understanding. A scene graph provides a structured description that captures these properties of an image. However, reasoning about the relationships between objects is very…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-16 Sanghyun Woo , Dahun Kim , Donghyeon Cho , In So Kweon

Semantic segmentation and hyperspectral unmixing are two central problems in spectral image analysis. The former assigns each pixel a discrete label corresponding to its material class, whereas the latter estimates pure material spectra,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-01 Antoine Bottenmuller , Etienne Decencière , Petr Dokládal

While deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have shown a great success in single-label image classification, it is important to note that real world images generally contain multiple labels, which could correspond to different objects,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-04-18 Jiang Wang , Yi Yang , Junhua Mao , Zhiheng Huang , Chang Huang , Wei Xu

Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are the backbone of state-of-art semantic image segmentation systems. Recent work has shown that complementing CNNs with fully-connected conditional random fields (CRFs) can significantly enhance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-06-03 Liang-Chieh Chen , Jonathan T. Barron , George Papandreou , Kevin Murphy , Alan L. Yuille

With the impressive capability to capture visual content, deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) have demon- strated promising performance in various vision-based ap- plications, such as classification, recognition, and objec- t…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-09-16 Zhen Liu

Spectral clustering refers to a family of unsupervised learning algorithms that compute a spectral embedding of the original data based on the eigenvectors of a similarity graph. This non-linear transformation of the data is both the key of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-30 Nicolas Tremblay , Andreas Loukas

The convolutional neural network (CNN) features can give a good description of image content, which usually represent images with unique global vectors. Although they are compact compared to local descriptors, they still cannot efficiently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-02 Ruoyu Liu , Yao Zhao , Shikui Wei , Yi Yang

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) rely on fixed-size kernels scanning local patches, which limits their ability to capture global context or long-range dependencies without very deep architectures. Vision Transformers (ViTs), in turn,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Gijs Joppe Moens , Regina Beets-Tan , Eduardo H. P. Pooch

Color and structure are the two pillars that combine to give an image its meaning. Interested in critical structures for neural network recognition, we isolate the influence of colors by limiting the color space to just a few bits, and find…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Yunzhong Hou , Liang Zheng , Stephen Gould

Spectral algorithms are graph partitioning algorithms that partition a node set of a graph into groups by using a spectral embedding map. Clustering techniques based on the algorithms are referred to as spectral clustering and are widely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Tomohiko Mizutani

In the past few years, convolutional neural nets (CNN) have shown incredible promise for learning visual representations. In this paper, we use CNNs for the task of predicting surface normals from a single image. But what is the right…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-11-19 Xiaolong Wang , David F. Fouhey , Abhinav Gupta

CNN feature spaces can be linearly mapped and consequently are often interchangeable. This equivalence holds across variations in architectures, training datasets, and network tasks. Specifically, we mapped between 10 image-classification…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-15 David McNeely-White , Benjamin Sattelberg , Nathaniel Blanchard , Ross Beveridge

Neural models learn data representations that lie on low-dimensional manifolds, yet modeling the relation between these representational spaces is an ongoing challenge. By integrating spectral geometry principles into neural modeling, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Marco Fumero , Marco Pegoraro , Valentino Maiorca , Francesco Locatello , Emanuele Rodolà

In this paper we show how to learn directly from image data (i.e., without resorting to manually-designed features) a general similarity function for comparing image patches, which is a task of fundamental importance for many computer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-04-17 Sergey Zagoruyko , Nikos Komodakis

We propose a novel probabilistic dimensionality reduction framework that can naturally integrate the generative model and the locality information of data. Based on this framework, we present a new model, which is able to learn a smooth…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-10-18 Li Wang

We consider Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) with 2D structured features that are symmetric in the spatial dimensions. Such networks arise in modeling pairwise relationships for a sequential recommendation problem, as well as secondary…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-07 Kehelwala Dewage Gayan Maduranga , Vasily Zadorozhnyy , Qiang Ye

During the last half decade, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have triumphed over semantic segmentation, which is one of the core tasks in many applications such as autonomous driving. However, to train CNNs requires a considerable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-15 Yang Zhang , Philip David , Boqing Gong