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Our Galactic Center, Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), is believed to harbour a supermassive black hole (BH), as suggested by observations tracking individual orbiting stars. Upcoming sub-millimetre very-long-baseline-interferometry (VLBI) images of…

The recently released images of the supermassive black holes in the M87 galaxy and the galaxy of our own make probing black hole spacetimes and testing general relativity (GR) possible. The violation of equatorial reflection symmetry of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-08-04 Che-Yu Chen

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has guided strong-field gravitational physics by providing the first direct images of the supermassive black holes M87* and Sagittarius A*. The EHT observations offer unprecedented opportunities to test…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-16 Towheed Ahmad Nengroo , Shafqat Ul Islam , Sushant G. Ghosh

Astrophysical black holes (BHs) are universally expected to be described by the Kerr metric, a stationary, vacuum solution of general relativity (GR). Indeed, by imaging M87$^\star$ and Sgr A$^\star$ and measuring the size of their shadows,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-03-07 Prashant Kocherlakota , Luciano Rezzolla , Rittick Roy , Maciek Wielgus

The 2017 Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) observations of the central source in M87 have led to the first measurement of the size of a black-hole shadow. This observation offers a new and clean gravitational test of the black-hole metric in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-10-05 Dimitrios Psaltis , Lia Medeiros , Pierre Christian , Feryal Ozel , Kazunori Akiyama , Antxon Alberdi , Walter Alef , Keiichi Asada , Rebecca Azulay , David Ball , Mislav Balokovic , John Barrett , Dan Bintley , Lindy Blackburn , Wilfred Boland , Geoffrey C. Bower , Michael Bremer , Christiaan D. Brinkerink , Roger Brissenden , Silke Britzen , Dominique Broguiere , Thomas Bronzwaer , Do-Young Byun , John E. Carlstrom , Andrew Chael , Chi-kwan Chan , Shami Chatterjee , Koushik Chatterjee , Ming-Tang Chen , Yongjun Chen , Ilje Cho , John E. Conway , James M. Cordes , Geoffrey B. Crew , Yuzhu Cui , Jordy Davelaar , Mariafelicia De Laurentis , Roger Deane , Jessica Dempsey , Gregory Desvignes , Jason Dexter , Ralph P. Eatough , Heino Falcke , Vincent L. Fish , Ed Fomalont , Raquel Fraga-Encinas , Per Friberg , Christian M. Fromm , Charles F. Gammie , Roberto García , Olivier Gentaz , Ciriaco Goddi , Jose L. Gomez , Minfeng Gu , Mark Gurwell , Kazuhiro Hada , Ronald Hesper , Luis C. Ho , Paul Ho , Mareki Honma , Chih-Wei L. Huang , Lei Huang , David H. Hughes , Makoto Inoue , Sara Issaoun , David J. James , Buell T. Jannuzi , Michael Janssen , Wu Jiang , Alejandra Jimenez-Rosales , Michael D. Johnson , Svetlana Jorstad , Taehyun Jung , Mansour Karami , Ramesh Karuppusamy , Tomohisa Kawashima , Garrett K. Keating , Mark Kettenis , Jae-Young Kim , Junhan Kim , Jongsoo Kim , Motoki Kino , Jun Yi Koay , Patrick M. Koch , Shoko Koyama , Michael Kramer , Carsten Kramer , Thomas P. Krichbaum , Cheng-Yu Kuo , Tod R. Lauer , Sang-Sung Lee , Yan-Rong Li , Zhiyuan Li , Michael Lindqvist , Rocco Lico , Jun Liu , Kuo Liu , Elisabetta Liuzzo , Wen-Ping Lo , Andrei P. Lobanov , Colin Lonsdale , Ru-Sen Lu , Jirong Mao , Sera Markoff , Daniel P. Marrone , Alan P. Marscher , Ivan Martí-Vidal , Satoki Matsushita , Yosuke Mizuno , Izumi Mizuno , James M. Moran , Kotaro Moriyama , Monika Moscibrodzka , Cornelia Muller , Gibwa Musoke , Alejandro Mus Mejías , Hiroshi Nagai , Neil M. Nagar , Ramesh Narayan , Gopal Narayanan , Iniyan Natarajan , Roberto Neri , Aristeidis Noutsos , Hiroki Okino , Hector Olivares , Tomoaki Oyama , Daniel C. M. Palumbo , Jongho Park , Nimesh Patel , Ue-Li Pen , Vincent Pietu , Richard Plambeck , Aleksandar PopStefanija , Ben Prather , Jorge A. Preciado-Lopez , Venkatessh Ramakrishnan , Ramprasad Rao , Mark G. Rawlings , Alexander W. Raymond , Bart Ripperda , Freek Roelofs , Alan Rogers , Eduardo Ros , Mel Rose , Arash Roshanineshat , Helge Rottmann , Alan L. Roy , Chet Ruszczyk , Benjamin R. Ryan , Kazi L. J. Rygl , Salvador Sanchez , David Sanchez-Arguelles , Mahito Sasada , Tuomas Savolainen , F. Peter Schloerb , Karl-Friedrich Schuster , Lijing Shao , Zhiqiang Shen , Des Small , Bong Won Sohn , Jason SooHoo , Fumie Tazaki , Remo P. J. Tilanus , Michael Titus , Pablo Torne , Tyler Trent , Efthalia Traianou , Sascha Trippe , Ilse van Bemmel , Huib Jan van Langevelde , Daniel R. van Rossum , Jan Wagner , John Wardle , Derek Ward-Thompson , Jonathan Weintroub , Norbert Wex , Robert Wharton , Maciek Wielgus , George N. Wong , Qingwen Wu , Doosoo Yoon , Andre Young , Ken Young , Ziri Younsi , Feng Yuan , Ye-Fei Yuan , Shan-Shan Zhao , the EHT Collaboration

The center of our Galaxy hosts the best constrained supermassive black hole in the universe, Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*). Its mass and distance have been accurately determined from stellar orbits and proper motion studies, respectively, and its…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-17 Heino Falcke , Sera Markoff

Recently, the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) achieved the realization of an image of the supermassive black hole $\textrm{Sgr~A}^\star$ showing an angular shadow diameter $\mathcal{D}= 48.7 \pm 7\mu as$ and the fractional deviation…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-04-23 L. Chakhchi , H. El Moumni , K. Masmar

The groundbreaking image of the black hole at the center of the M87 galaxy has raised questions at the intersection of observational astronomy and black hole physics. How well can the radius of a black hole shadow can be measured, and can…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-02-02 Adam Bauer , Alejandro Cárdenas-Avendaño , Charles F. Gammie , Nicolás Yunes

The unprecedented image of the M87* supermassive black hole has sparked some controversy over its usefulness as a test of the general relativistic Kerr metric. The criticism is mainly related to the black hole's quasi-circular shadow and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-10-22 Kostas Glampedakis , George Pappas

The M87* black hole shadow observation by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has enabled us to test the modified gravity theories in the extreme-field regime and estimating the black hole parameters. Having this assertion, we investigate the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-02-06 Sushant G. Ghosh , Rahul Kumar Walia

Motivated by inclination of the Earth's orbit that is not located at galactic plane for observing the shadow of Sgr A*, we consider the black hole shadow for arbitrary inclinations and different velocities of observers. A surprising finding…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-09-07 Zhe Chang , Qing-Hua Zhu

The shadows cast by non-rotating and rotating modified gravity (MOG) black holes are determined by the two parameters mass $M$ and angular momentum $J=Ma$. The sizes of the shadows cast by the spherically symmetric static Schwarzschild-MOG…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-03-26 J. W. Moffat

Several stars orbit around a black hole candidate of mass $3.7\times 10^6$ M$_{\odot}$, in the region of the Galactic Center (GC). Looking for General Relativistic (GR) periastron shifts is limited by the existence of a stellar cluster…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 A. A. Nucita , F. De Paolis , G. Ingrosso , A. Qadir , A. F. Zakharov

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) recently released an image of the supermassive black hole Sgr A* showing an angular shadow diameter $d_{sh}= 48.7 \pm 7\,\mu$as and Schwarzschild shadow deviation $\delta =…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-02-28 Sushant G. Ghosh , Misba Afrin

In recent years, the evidence for the existence of an ultra-compact concentration of dark mass associated with the radio source Sgr A* in the Galactic Center has become very strong. However, an unambiguous proof that this object is indeed a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Heino Falcke , Fulvio Melia , Eric Agol

General relativity has been widely tested in weak gravitational fields but still stands largely untested in the strong-field regime. According to the no-hair theorem, black holes in general relativity depend only on their masses and spins…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-05-25 Tim Johannsen

First sketch of black hole from M87 galaxy was obtained by Event Horizon Telescope, recently. As appearance of black hole shadow reflects space-time geometry of black holes, observations of black hole shadow may be a promising way to test…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-06-30 Zhe Chang , Qing-Hua Zhu

We show that the observed angular diameter of the shadow of the ultra compact object Sgr A*, favours the existence of an extra spatial dimension. This holds irrespective of the nature of the ultra compact object, i.e., whether it is a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-12-07 Indrani Banerjee , Sumanta Chakraborty , Soumitra SenGupta

With the imaging and characterization of the horizon-scale images of M87* and Sgr A* by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), it has become possible to resolve the near-horizon region of astrophysical black holes. As a result, there has been…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-07-31 Avery E. Broderick , Kiana Salehi , Boris Georgiev

Recently, Vagnozzi and Visinelli's work [Phys. Rev. D 100, 024020 (2020)] reveals that M87*'s shadow establishes an upper limit of $l \lesssim 170$ AU, where $l$ is the AdS$_5$ curvature radius and 1 AU is one astronomical unit. The Event…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-05-25 Di Wu