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Shapley values, which were originally designed to assign attributions to individual players in coalition games, have become a commonly used approach in explainable machine learning to provide attributions to input features for black-box…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Che-Ping Tsai , Chih-Kuan Yeh , Pradeep Ravikumar

Feature-based explanations, using perturbations or gradients, are a prevalent tool to understand decisions of black box machine learning models. Yet, differences between these methods still remain mostly unknown, which limits their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Fabian Fumagalli , Maximilian Muschalik , Eyke Hüllermeier , Barbara Hammer , Julia Herbinger

Automatic static analysis tools (ASATs), such as Findbugs, have a high false alarm rate. The large number of false alarms produced poses a barrier to adoption. Researchers have proposed the use of machine learning to prune false alarms and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Hong Jin Kang , Khai Loong Aw , David Lo

With the widespread use of sophisticated machine learning models in sensitive applications, understanding their decision-making has become an essential task. Models trained on tabular data have witnessed significant progress in explanations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Aditya Lahiri , Kamran Alipour , Ehsan Adeli , Babak Salimi

Shapley values underlie one of the most popular model-agnostic methods within explainable artificial intelligence. These values are designed to attribute the difference between a model's prediction and an average baseline to the different…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Tom Heskes , Evi Sijben , Ioan Gabriel Bucur , Tom Claassen

The proliferation of large models has intensified the need for efficient data valuation methods to quantify the contribution of individual data providers. Traditional approaches, such as game-theory-based Shapley value and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Le Ma , Shirao Yang , Zihao Wang , Yinggui Wang , Lei Wang , Tao Wei , Kejun Zhang

Model averaging techniques in the actuarial literature aim to forecast future longevity appropriately by combining forecasts derived from various models. This approach often yields more accurate predictions than those generated by a single…

Applications · Statistics 2025-10-28 Giovanna Bimonte , Maria Russolillo , Han Lin Shang , Yang Yang

A quantitative assessment of the global importance of an agent in a team is as valuable as gold for strategists, decision-makers, and sports coaches. Yet, retrieving this information is not trivial since in a cooperative task it is hard to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Giorgio Angelotti , Natalia Díaz-Rodríguez

In cooperative game theory, the primary focus is the equitable allocation of payoffs or costs among agents. However, in the practical applications of cooperative games, accurately representing games is challenging. In such cases, using an…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Soh Kumabe , Yuichi Yoshida

The observations in many applications consist of counts of discrete events, such as photons hitting a detector, which cannot be effectively modeled using an additive bounded or Gaussian noise model, and instead require a Poisson noise…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2011-10-13 Zachary T. Harmany , Roummel F. Marcia , Rebecca M. Willett

We discuss promising recent contributions on quantifying feature relevance using Shapley values, where we observed some confusion on which probability distribution is the right one for dropped features. We argue that the confusion is based…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-11-28 Dominik Janzing , Lenon Minorics , Patrick Blöbaum

Power indices are essential in assessing the contribution and influence of individual agents in multi-agent systems, providing crucial insights into collaborative dynamics and decision-making processes. While invaluable, traditional…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Benjamin Kempinski , Tal Kachman

The presence of artificial intelligence (AI) in our society is increasing, which brings with it the need to understand the behavior of AI mechanisms, including machine learning predictive algorithms fed with tabular data, text or images,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-06 Pedro Delicado , Cristian Pachón-García

Frailty models are often the model of choice for heterogeneous survival data. A frailty model contains both random effects and fixed effects, with the random effects accommodating for the correlation in the data. Different estimation…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-09-17 Oodally Ajmal , Luc Duchateau , Estelle Kuhn

We develop the fictitious play algorithm in the context of the linear programming approach for mean field games of optimal stopping and mean field games with regular control and absorption. This algorithm allows to approximate the mean…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-01-25 Roxana Dumitrescu , Marcos Leutscher , Peter Tankov

Users like sharing personal photos with others through social media. At the same time, they might want to make automatic identification in such photos difficult or even impossible. Classic obfuscation methods such as blurring are not only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-07-27 Seong Joon Oh , Mario Fritz , Bernt Schiele

While current machine learning models have impressive performance over a wide range of applications, their large size and complexity render them unsuitable for tasks such as remote monitoring on edge devices with limited storage and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-13 Chi Zhang , Yong Sheng Soh , Ling Feng , Tianyi Zhou , Qianxiao Li

In this paper, we introduce a game theoretic framework for studying the problem of minimizing the completion time of instantly decodable network coding (IDNC) for cooperative data exchange (CDE) in decentralized wireless network. In this…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-04-16 Ahmed Douik , Sameh Sorour , Hamidou Tembine , Mohamed-Slim Alouini , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

Cooperative game theory has become a cornerstone of post-hoc interpretability in machine learning, largely through the use of Shapley values. Yet, despite their widespread adoption, Shapley-based methods often rest on axiomatic…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-18 Marouane Il Idrissi , Agathe Fernandes Machado , Arthur Charpentier

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have demonstrated strong capacity in supporting a wide variety of applications. Shapley value has emerged as a prominent tool to analyze feature importance to help people understand the inference process of deep…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-19 Xiaolei Lu