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Very Long Baseline Interferometry, or VLBI, is the observing technique yielding the highest-resolution images today. Whilst a traditionally large fraction of VLBI observations is concentrating on Active Galactic Nuclei, the number of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 Enno Middelberg , Uwe Bach

Image reconstruction in very-long baseline interferometry operates under severely sparse aperture coverage with calibration challenges from both the participating instruments and propagation medium, which introduce the risk of biases and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-14 Samuel Lai , Nithyanandan Thyagarajan , O. Ivy Wong , Foivos Diakogiannis

Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) achieves the highest angular resolution in astronomy. VLBI measures corrupted Fourier components, known as visibilities. Reconstructing on-sky images from these visibilities is a challenging inverse…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-25 Paul Tiede , William Moses , Valentin Churavy , Michael D. Johnson , Dominic Pesce , Lindy Blackburn , Peter Galison

The observation and imaging of hundreds or thousands of radio sources with the technique of very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) is a computationally intensive task. However, these surveys allow us to conduct statistical investigations…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-06-28 Kristóf Rozgonyi , Sándor Frey

Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) combines the signals of telescopes distributed across thousands of kilometres to provide some of the highest angular resolution images of astrophysical phenomena. Due to computational expense,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-30 Jack F. Radcliffe , J. P. McKean , C. Herbé-George , L. Coetzer , T. Matsepane

Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) makes it possible to recover images of astronomical sources with extremely high angular resolution. Most recently, the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has extended VLBI to short millimeter wavelengths…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-05 Katherine L. Bouman , Michael D. Johnson , Adrian V. Dalca , Andrew A. Chael , Freek Roelofs , Sheperd S. Doeleman , William T. Freeman

Self-calibration methods with the CLEAN algorithm have been widely employed in Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) data processing in order to correct antenna-based amplitude and phase corruptions present in the data. However, human…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-02 Jong-Seo Kim , Aleksei S. Nikonov , Jakob Roth , Torsten A. Ensslin , Michael Janssen , Philipp Arras , Hendrik Mueller , Andrei P. Lobanov

Very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) is a challenging observational technique, which requires in-depth knowledge about radio telescope instrumentation, interferometry, and the handling of noisy data. The reduction of the raw data is…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-14 Michael Janssen , Jack F. Radcliffe , Jan Wagner

Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) is a radio-astronomical technique in which the correlated signal from various baselines is combined into an image of highest angular resolution. Due to sparsity of the measurements, this imaging…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-29 Hendrik Müller , Andrei Lobanov

We describe a new method which achieves high precision Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) astrometry in observations at millimeter wavelengths. It combines fast frequency-switching observations, to correct for the dominant…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Maria J. Rioja , Richard Dodson

For Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), the fringe spacing is extremely narrow compared to the field of view imposed by the primary beam of each element. This means that an extremely large number of resolution units can potentially be…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-02-26 John S. Morgan , F. Mantovani , A. T. Deller , W. Brisken , W. Alef , E. Middelberg , M. Nanni , S. J. Tingay

We discuss the technique of Wide-field imaging as it applies to Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI). In the past VLBI data sets were usually averaged so severely that the field-of-view was typically restricted to regions extending a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 M. A. Garrett , R. W. Porcas , A. Pedlar , T. W. B. Muxlow , S. T. Garrington

By linking widely separated radio dishes, the technique of very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) can greatly enhance angular resolution in radio astronomy. However, at any given moment, a VLBI array only sparsely samples the information…

Radio observations using the Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) technique typically have fields of view of only a few arcseconds, due to the computational problems inherent in imaging larger fields. Furthermore, sensitivity…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2012-07-06 E. Middelberg , A. T. Deller , W. F. Brisken , J. S. Morgan , R. P. Norris

Direct inversion of incomplete visibility samples in VLBI (Very Large Baseline Interferometry) radio telescopes produces images with convolutive artifacts. Since proper analysis and interpretations of astronomical radio sources require a…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2009-04-06 Andriyan Bayu Suksmono

The high angular resolution and sensitivity of Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) offer a unique tool to identify and study active galactic nuclei and star-formation activity over cosmic time. However, despite recent technical…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-12-05 Célestin Herbé-George , J. P. Mckean , Raffaella Morganti , Jack F. Radcliffe

Extracting polarimetric information from very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) data is demanding but vital for understanding the synchrotron radiation process and the magnetic fields of celestial objects, such as active galactic nuclei…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-21 Jong-Seo Kim , Jakob Roth , Jongho Park , Jack D. Livingston , Philipp Arras , Torsten A. Enßlin , Michael Janssen , J. Anton Zensus , Andrei P. Lobanov

Space Very Long Baseline Interferometry is a radio astronomy technique distinguished by a record-high angular resolution reaching single-digit microseconds of arc. The paper provides a brief account of the history of developments of this…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-27 Leonid I. Gurvits

This thesis reports on the application of new wide-field Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) imaging techniques using real data for the first time. These techniques are used to target three specific science areas: (i) a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-06-19 Emil Lenc

Finding a suitable very long baseline (VLBI) interferometer geometry is a key task in planning observations, especially imaging sessions. The main characteristic of the quality of VLBI imaging data is the (u, v)-coverage. In the case when…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-01 I. I. Bulygin , M. A. Shchurov , A. G. Rudnitskiy
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