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This article provides an accessible introduction to fractional derivatives, a concept that extends classical calculus by allowing derivatives of non-integer order. It explores both the fundamental definitions and some of the most relevant…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2025-11-24 Félix del Teso , David Gómez-Castro

In computation-intensive domains such as digital signal processing, encryption, and neural networks, the performance of arithmetic units, including adders and multipliers, is pivotal. Conventional numerical systems often fall short of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Soudabeh Mousavi , Dara Rahmati , Saeid Gorgin , Jeong-A Lee

An algorithm counting the number of ones in a binary word is presented running in time $O(\log\log b)$ where $b$ is the number of ones. The operations available include bit-wise logical operations and multiplication.

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-06-12 Holger Petersen

Residue number system (RNS) enables dimensionality reduction of an arithmetic problem by representing a large number as a set of smaller integers, where the number is decomposed by prime number factorization using the moduli as basic…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-12-04 Jiaxin Peng , Shuai Sun , Vikram K. Narayana , Volker J. Sorger , Tarek El-Ghazawi

In this paper, a Fourier series in fractional dimensional space is introduced for an arbitrarily periodic function $f(t;\alpha)$. We call it fractional Fourier series of the order $\alpha$. Extending the basis functions of the linear space…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2022-12-02 Ali Dorostkar , Ahmad Sabihi

We contemplate the notion of ambiguity in mathematical discourse. We consider a general method of resolving ambiguity and semantic options for sustaining a resolution. The general discussion is applied to the case of `fraction' which is…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Jan A Bergstra , John V Tucker

A new computational methodology for executing calculations with infinite and infinitesimal quantities is described in this paper. It is based on the principle `The part is less than the whole' introduced by Ancient Greeks and applied to all…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2012-03-20 Yaroslav D. Sergeyev

A permutiple is a number which is an integer multiple of some permutation of its digits. A well-known example is 9801 since it is an integer multiple of its reversal, 1089. In this paper, we consider the permutiple problem in an entirely…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-02-17 Benjamin V. Holt

There has been considerable recent study in "sub-diffusion" models that replace the standard parabolic equation model by a one with a fractional derivative in the time variable. There are many ways to look at this newer approach and one…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-04-08 William Rundell , Zhidong Zhang

This paper focuses on the equivalent expression of fractional integrals/derivatives with an infinite series. A universal framework for fractional Taylor series is developed by expanding an analytic function at the initial instant or the…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2022-12-07 Yiheng Wei , YangQuan Chen , Qing Gao , Yong Wang

In this article, the existence and uniqueness about the solution for a class of stochastic fractional-order differential equation systems are investigated, where the fractional derivative is described in Caputo sense. The fractional…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-11-24 Guang-an Zou , Bo Wang

Number sequences defined by a linear recursion relation are studied by means of generating functions. Indices of the terms in the recursion relation have arbitrary differenses. In addition to formulas for the nth term an algorithm is…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-04-04 Bengt Månsson

This paper presents the concept of digit polynomials, which leads to a deterministic and unconditional integer factorization algorithm with the runtime complexity $\mathcal{O}(N^{1/4+\epsilon})$. Strassen's well known factoring approach is…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-12-22 Markus Hittmeir

In this paper we provide a rigorous mathematical foundation for continuous approximations of a class of systems with piece-wise continuous functions. By using techniques from the theory of differential inclusions, the underlying piece-wise…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2014-08-20 Marius-F. Danca

Fractional calculus is the calculus of differentiation and integration of non-integer orders. In a recently paper (Annals of Physics 323 (2008) 2756-2778), the Fundamental Theorem of Fractional Calculus is highlighted. Based on this…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 Ming-Fan Li , Ji-Rong Ren , Tao Zhu

In the literature of algorithms, the specific computation model is often not explicit as it is assumed that the model of computation is the RAM (Random Access Machine) model. However, the RAM model itself is ill-founded in the literature,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Étienne Grandjean , Louis Jachiet

It is well known that physical phenomena may be of great help in computing some difficult problems efficiently. A typical example is prime factorization that may be solved in polynomial time by exploiting quantum entanglement on a quantum…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2018-05-23 Massimiliano Di Ventra , Fabio L. Traversa

For scientific computations on a digital computer the set of real number is usually approximated by a finite set F of "floating-point" numbers. We compare the numerical accuracy possible with difference choices of F having approximately the…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2010-04-21 Richard P. Brent

This paper provides an introduction to the design of augmented data structures that offer an efficient representation of a mathematical sequence and fast sequential summation algorithms, which guarantee both logarithmic running time and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-04-08 Vadim Stadnik

In this paper, we derive a new computational algorithm for Barrett technique for modular polynomial multiplication, termed BA-P. BA-P is then applied to a new residue arithmetic based Barrett algorithm for modular polynomial multiplication…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-02-05 Hari K Garg , Hanshen Xiao