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Resource theories provide a general framework for the characterization of properties of physical systems in quantum mechanics and beyond. Here, we introduce methods for the quantification of resources in general probabilistic theories…
In this paper and a companion paper, we show how the framework of information geometry, a geometry of discrete probability distributions, can form the basis of a derivation of the quantum formalism. The derivation rests upon a few…
The fundamental physical description of Nature is based on two mutually incompatible theories: Quantum Mechanics and General Relativity. Their unification in a theory of Quantum Gravity (QG) remains one of the main challenges of theoretical…
The theory of geometric quantum mechanics describes a quantum system as a Hamiltonian dynamical system with a complex projective Hilbert space as its phase space, thus equipped with a Riemannian metric in addition to a symplectic structure.…
The formalism of quantum theory in Hilbert space has been applied with success to the modeling and explanation of several cognitive phenomena, whereas traditional cognitive approaches were problematical. However, this 'quantum cognition…
Despite its enormous empirical success, the formalism of quantum theory still raises fundamental questions: why is nature described in terms of complex Hilbert spaces, and what modifications of it could we reasonably expect to find in some…
Quantum states in the Earth's gravitational field were observed, when ultra-cold neutrons fall under gravity. The experimental results can be described by the quantum mechanical scattering model as it is presented here. We also discuss…
Uncertainty relations (URs) like the Heisenberg-Robertson or the time-energy UR are often considered to be hallmarks of quantum theory. Here, a simple derivation of these URs is presented based on a single classical inequality from…
We formalize the hidden measurement approach within the very general notion of an interactive probability model. We narrow down the model by assuming the state space of a physical entity is a complex Hilbert space and introduce the…
Symmetries impose structure on the Hilbert space of a quantum mechanical model. The mathematical units of this structure are the irreducible representations of symmetry groups and I consider how they function as conceptual units of…
Coherent states are required to form a complete set of vectors in the Hilbert space by providing the resolution of identity. We study the completeness of coherent states for two different models in a noncommutative space associated with the…
Turbulent dynamical systems characterized by both a high-dimensional phase space and a large number of instabilities are ubiquitous among many complex systems in science and engineering. The existence of a strange attractor in the turbulent…
In this paper, the generic uncertainty relation (UR) for kernel-based transformations (KT) of signals is derived. Instead of using the statistics approach as shown in the literature before, here we employ quantum mechanical operator…
The mechanism of describing quantum states by standard probability (tomographic one) instead of wave function or density matrix is elucidated. Quantum tomography is formulated in an abstract Hilbert space framework, by means of the identity…
The Born postulate can be reduced to its deterministic content that only applies to eigenvectors of observables: the standard probabilistic interpretation of generic states then follows from algebraic properties of repeated measurements and…
Quantum decision theory (QDT) is a recently developed theory of decision making based on the mathematics of Hilbert spaces, a framework known in physics for its application to quantum mechanics. This framework formalizes the concept of…
The aim of this paper is to show a connection between an extended theory of statistical experiments on the one hand and the foundation of quantum theory on the other hand. The main aspects of this extension are: One assumes a hyperparameter…
Inspired by classical ("actual") Quantum Theory over $\mathbb{C}$ and Modal Quantum Theory (MQT), which is a model of Quantum Theory over certain finite fields, we introduce General Quantum Theory as a Quantum Theory -- in the K{\o}benhavn…
A universal formulation of uncertainty relations for quantum measurements is presented with additional focus on the representability of quantum observables by classical observables over a given state. Owing to the simplicity and operational…
We present a general formalism with the aim of describing the situation of an entity, how it is, how it reacts to experiments, how we can make statistics with it, and how it changes under the influence of the rest of the universe. Therefore…