English
Related papers

Related papers: Possible Population III Remnants at Redshift 3.5

200 papers

New observations from the Hubble ultra deep field suggest that the star formation rate at z>7 drops off faster than previously thought. Using a newly determined star formation rate for the normal mode of Population II/I stars (PopII/I),…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-01-12 E. Rollinde , E. Vangioni , D. Maurin , K. A. Olive , F. Daigne , J. Silk , F. Vincent

Current numerical studies suggest that the first galaxies formed a few stars at a time and were enriched only gradually by the first heavy elements. However, the large box sizes in these models cannot resolve primordial supernova explosions…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Daniel Whalen , Bob Van Veelen , Brian W. O'Shea , Michael L. Norman

We examine the dynamical evolution and statistical properties of the supernova ejecta of massive primordial stars in a cosmological framework to determine whether this first population of stars could have enriched the universe to the levels…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Michael L. Norman , Brian W. O'Shea , Pascal Paschos

We present a semi-analytic model of star formation in the early universe, beginning with the first metal-free stars. By employing a completely feedback-limited star formation prescription, stars form at maximum efficiency until the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-08-01 Richard H. Mebane , Jordan Mirocha , Steven R. Furlanetto

We aim to provide the first data-constrained estimate of the metal-free (Population III; Pop III) star formation rate density $\dot{\rho}_{*}^{III}$ required at high-redshifts ($z \gtrsim 16$) in order to reproduce both the amplitude and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-11 Atrideb Chatterjee , Pratika Dayal , Tirthankar Roy Choudhury , Raffaella Schneider

This study explores the metal enrichment signatures attributed to the first generation of stars (PopIII) in the Universe, focusing on the E-XQR-30 sample. We aim to identify traces of Pop III metal enrichment by analyzing neutral gas in the…

We report the identification of a very metal-poor damped Lyman-alpha system (DLA) at z_abs = 3.067295 that is modestly carbon-enhanced, with an iron abundance of ~1/700 solar ([Fe/H] = -2.84) and [C,O/Fe] ~ +0.6. Such an abundance pattern…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Ryan Cooke , Max Pettini , Michael Murphy

We present the study of a Lyman limit system (LLS) at $z_{\rm abs}$ = 1.5441 towards quasar J134122.50+185213.9 observed with VLT X-shooter. This is a very peculiar system with strong C I absorption seen associated with a neutral hydrogen…

Recently, Nakajima et al. (2025) presented James Webb Space Telescope observations of the $z=6.6$ Population III (Pop III) candidate LAP1-B, which is gravitationally lensed by galaxy cluster MACS J0416. We argue that this is the first…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-10-17 Eli Visbal , Ryan Hazlett , Greg L. Bryan

In typical astrophysical environments, the abundance of heavy elements ranges from 0.001 to 2 times the solar concentration. Lower abundances have been seen in select stars in the Milky Way's halo and in two quasar absorption systems at…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-12-05 Robert A. Simcoe , Peter W. Sullivan , Kathy L. Cooksey , Melodie M. Kao , Michael S. Matejek , Adam J. Burgasser

Observing the first generation of Population III (Pop III) stars is one of the most demanding challenges in astronomy. Indeed, Pop III stars are expected to predominantly form within faint minihalos at early times with a top-heavy initial…

Element abundances in high-redshift quasar absorbers offer excellent probes of the chemical enrichment of distant galaxies, and can constrain models for population III and early population II stars. Recent observations indicate that the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-10-26 Sean Morrison , Varsha P. Kulkarni , Debopam Som , Bryan DeMarcy , Samuel Quiret , Celine Peroux

The abundance patterns of extremely metal-poor stars preserve a fossil record of the Universe's earliest chemical enrichment by the supernova explosions from the evolution of first generation of stars, also referred to as Population III (or…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-18 Ruizheng Jiang , Haining Li , Gang Zhao , Qianfan Xing , Wenyu Xin

We present new Keck/HIRES data of the most metal-poor damped Lyman-alpha (DLA) system currently known. By targeting the strongest accessible Fe II features, we have improved the upper limit of the [Fe/H] abundance determination by ~1 dex,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-07-26 Louise Welsh , Ryan Cooke , Michele Fumagalli , Max Pettini

We conduct a comprehensive theoretical and numerical investigation of the pollution of pristine gas in turbulent flows, designed to provide new tools for modeling the evolution of the first generation of stars. The properties of such…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-16 Liubin Pan , Evan Scannapieco , John Scalo

A powerful technique to trace the signatures of the first stars is through the metal enrichment in concentrated reservoirs of hydrogen, such as the damped Lyman-alpha absorbers (DLAs) in the early universe. We conducted a survey aimed at…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-10-01 Jianghao Huyan , Varsha P. Kulkarni , Suraj Poudel , Nicolas Tejos , Celine Peroux , Sebastian Lopez

We explore the predictions of the standard hierarchical clustering scenario of galaxy formation, regarding the numbers and metallicities of PopIII stars likely to be found within our Galaxy today. By PopIII we shall be referring to stars…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Xavier Hernandez , Andrea Ferrara

After the Big Bang nucleosynthesis, the first heavy element enrichment in the Universe was made by a supernova (SN) explosion of a population (Pop) III star (Pop III SN). The abundance ratios of elements produced from Pop III SNe are…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Nozomu Tominaga , Nobuyuki Iwamoto , Ken'ichi Nomoto

We present results on the formation of Pop III stars at redshift 7.6 from the Renaissance Simulations, a suite of extremely high-resolution and physics-rich radiation transport hydrodynamics cosmological adaptive-mesh refinement simulations…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-06-08 Hao Xu , Michael L. Norman , Brian W. O'Shea , John H. Wise

The first stars likely formed from pristine clouds, marking a transformative epoch after the dark ages by initiating reionisation and synthesising the first heavy elements. Among these, low-mass Population III stars are of particular…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-19 Thiago Ferreira , Earl P. Bellinger , Ebraheem Farag , Christopher J. Lindsay