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Expectation values of measurement operators, interpreted as measurement probabilities, arise frequently throughout quantum algorithms. When quantum states are randomly distributed, their expectation values are also randomly distributed. In…
We investigate in this paper an alternative method to simulation based recursive importance sampling procedure to estimate the optimal change of measure for Monte Carlo simulations. We propose an algorithm which combines (vector and…
We perform a stability analysis of a recently proposed sum rule for pion Compton scattering at fixed angle and moderate Mandelstam invariants. The sum rule is found to be sensitive to the parameter $\lambda^2$, the contour radius of a…
Given a set $P$ of $n$ points in the plane, we study the computation of the probability distribution function of both the area and perimeter of the convex hull of a random subset $S$ of $P$. The random subset $S$ is formed by drawing each…
Let $\left(\Omega,\Sigma,p\right)$ be a probability measure space and let $X:\Omega\to{\mathbb{R}}^k$ be a (vector valued) random variable. We suppose that the probability $p_X$ induced by $X$ is absolutely continuous with respect to the…
We establish for dual quantization the counterpart of Kieffer's uniqueness result for compactly supported one dimensional probability distributions having a $\log$-concave density (also called strongly unimodal): for such distributions,…
This paper presents a probabilistic perspective on iterative methods for approximating the solution $\mathbf{x}_* \in \mathbb{R}^d$ of a nonsingular linear system $\mathbf{A} \mathbf{x}_* = \mathbf{b}$. In the approach a standard iterative…
In this paper we consider the problem of unambiguous discrimination between a set of linearly independent pure quantum states. We show that the design of the optimal measurement that minimizes the probability of an inconclusive result can…
Given two discrete random variables $X$ and $Y$, with probability distributions ${\bf p} =(p_1, \ldots , p_n)$ and ${\bf q}=(q_1, \ldots , q_m)$, respectively, denote by ${\cal C}({\bf p}, {\bf q})$ the set of all couplings of ${\bf p}$ and…
We present parton distribution functions which include a quantitative estimate of its uncertainties. The parton distribution functions are optimized with respect to deep inelastic proton data, expressing the uncertainties as a density…
Let $\{A_n\}_{n=1}^{\infty}$ be a sequence of events on a probability space $(\Omega,\mathcal{F},\mathbf{P})$. We show that if $\lim_{m\to\infty}\sum_{n=1}^{m}w_n\mathbf{P}(A_n)=\infty$ where each $w_n\in\mathbb{R}$, then…
We study the set S of ergodic probability Borel measures on stationary non-simple Bratteli diagrams which are invariant with respect to the tail equivalence relation. Equivalently, the set S is formed by ergodic probability measures…
A general theory of resource-bounded measurability and measure is developed. Starting from any feasible probability measure $\nu$ on the Cantor space $\C$ and any suitable complexity class $C \subseteq \C$, the theory identifies the subsets…
We consider X 1 ,. .. , X n a sample of data on the circle S 1 , whose distribution is a twocomponent mixture. Denoting R and Q two rotations on S 1 , the density of the X i 's is assumed to be g(x) = pf (R --1 x) + (1 -- p)f (Q --1 x),…
The problem of an optimal mapping between Hilbert spaces $IN$ and $OUT$, based on a series of density matrix mapping measurements $\rho^{(l)} \to \varrho^{(l)}$, $l=1\dots M$, is formulated as an optimization problem maximizing the total…
A sequential measurement of two non-commuting quantum observables results in a joint probability distribution for all output combinations that can be explained in terms of an initial joint quasi-probability of the non-commuting observables,…
This document focuses on translating various information-theoretic measures of distinguishability for probability distributions into measures of distin- guishability for quantum states. These measures should have important appli- cations in…
We consider Cantor measures on the line, with contraction factor $N^{-1}=p^{-\alpha}$ (where $p$ a positive prime, $\alpha$ a positive integer) and $m$ positive integer digits lying in distinct residue classes modulo $N$. We obtain a…
High precision polarization measurements open new opportunities for the study of the magnetic field structure as traced by polarimetric measurements of the interstellar dust emission. Polarization parameters suffer from bias in the presence…
We study the discrimination of N mixed quantum states in an optimal measurement that maximizes the probability of correct results while the probability of inconclusive results is fixed at a given value. After considering the discrimination…