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We address phase-shift estimation by means of squeezed vacuum probe and homodyne detection. We analyze Bayesian estimator, which is known to asymptotically saturate the classical Cramer-Rao bound to the variance, and discuss convergence…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Stefano Olivares , Matteo G. A. Paris

Recent advancements have underscored the relevance of low-resolution analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) in integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems. Nevertheless, their specific impact on hybrid radar fusion (HRF) remains…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-27 Akhileswar Chowdary , Ahmad Bazzi , Marwa Chafii

This paper derives a novel pilot-aided phase and channel estimation algorithm for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with phase noise and quasi-static channel fading. Our novel approach allows, for the first time, carrier phase…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-07 Yiming Li , Zhouyi Hu , Andrew Ellis

We present a new proof of the quantum Cramer-Rao bound for precision parameter estimation [1-3] and extend it to a more general class of measurement procedures. We analyze a generalized framework for parameter estimation that covers most…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-01-28 Garry Goldstein , Mikhail D. Lukin , Paola Cappellaro

Multiparameter quantum estimation theory is crucial for many applications involving infinite-dimensional Gaussian quantum systems, since they can describe many physical platforms, e.g., quantum optical and optomechanical systems and atomic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-28 Shoukang Chang , Marco G. Genoni , Francesco Albarelli

Meta-backscatter system that utilizes meta-material sensors is a promising enabler for future environmental sensing, offering distinct advantages such as low cost, zero-power consumption, and robustness. Specifically, the electromagnetic…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-14 Mengyuan Cao , Xu Liu , Hongliang Zhang

We derive a quantum Cram\'er-Rao bound (QCRB) on the error of estimating a time-changing signal. The QCRB provides a fundamental limit to the performance of general quantum sensors, such as gravitational-wave detectors, force sensors, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-10-31 Mankei Tsang , Howard M. Wiseman , Carlton M. Caves

We develop a hybrid framework for quantum parameter estimation in the presence of nuisance parameters. In this Bayes-point scheme, the parameters of interest are treated as fixed non-random parameters while nuisance parameters are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-21 Jianchao Zhang , Jun Suzuki

Due to the potential of quantum advantage to surpass the standard quantum limit (SQL), the nonlinear interferometers have garnered significant attention from researchers in the field of precision measurement. However, many practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-20 Mengyao Zhou , Hongmei Ma , Liqing Chen , Weiping Zhang , Chun-Hua Yuan

Phase estimation is known to be a robust method for single-qubit gate calibration in quantum computers, while Bayesian estimation is widely used in devising optimal methods for learning in quantum systems. We present Bayesian phase…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-06 Brennan de Neeve , Andrey V. Lebedev , Vlad Negnevitsky , Jonathan P. Home

Bounding the optimal precision in parameter estimation tasks is of central importance for technological applications. In the regime of a small number of measurements, or that of low signal-to-noise ratios, the meaning of common frequentist…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-23 Valentin Gebhart , Manuel Gessner , Augusto Smerzi

To achieve the joint active and passive beamforming gains in the reconfigurable intelligent surface assisted millimeter wave system, the reflected cascade channel needs to be accurately estimated. Many strategies have been proposed in the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Yiming Liu , Erwu Liu , Rui Wang , Zhu Han , Binyu Lu

This paper focuses on radar waveform optimization for minimizing the Cram\'er-Rao bound (CRB) in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar system. In contrast to conventional approaches relying on semi-definite programming (SDP) and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-20 Xiaohua Zhou , Xu Du , Yijie Mao

We revisit the problem of computing submatrices of the Cram\'er-Rao bound (CRB), which lower bounds the variance of any unbiased estimator of a vector parameter $\vth$. We explore iterative methods that avoid direct inversion of the Fisher…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-06-04 Paul Tune

This paper derives a general expression for the Cram\'er-Rao bound (CRB) of wireless localization algorithms using range measurements subject to bias corruption. Specifically, the a priori knowledge about which range measurements are…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-11-10 Tao Wang

We calculate the quantum Cram\'er--Rao bound for the sensitivity with which one or several parameters, encoded in a general single-mode Gaussian state, can be estimated. This includes in particular the interesting case of mixed Gaussian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-08 Olivier Pinel , Pu Jian , Claude Fabre , Nicolas Treps , Daniel Braun

We calculate the quantum Cram\'er--Rao bound for the sensitivity with which one or several parameters, encoded in a general single-mode Gaussian state, can be estimated. This includes in particular the interesting case of mixed Gaussian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-16 O. Pinel , P. Jian , N. Treps , C. Fabre , and D. Braun

A Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) for semi-blind channel estimators in redundant block transmission systems is derived. The derived CRB is valid for any system adopting a full-rank linear redundant precoder, including the popular cyclic-prefixed…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-09-20 Yen-Huan Li , Borching Su , Ping-Cheng Yeh

Estimating correctly the quantum phase of a physical system is a central problem in quantum parameter estimation theory due to its wide range of applications from quantum metrology to cryptography. Ideally, the optimal quantum estimator is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-09 Marco A. Rodríguez-García , Isaac Pérez Castillo , P. Barberis-Blostein

A recently proposed phase-estimation protocol that is based on measuring the parity of a two-mode squeezed-vacuum state at the output of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer shows that Cram\'{e}r-Rao bound sensitivity can be obtained [P.\ M.\…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-09-10 Keith R. Motes , Petr M. Anisimov , Jonathan P. Dowling