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How might a smooth probability distribution be estimated, with accurately quantified uncertainty, from a limited amount of sampled data? Here we describe a field-theoretic approach that addresses this problem remarkably well in one…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2018-10-24 Wei-Chia Chen , Ammar Tareen , Justin B. Kinney

Transmission spectroscopy, which consists of measuring the wavelength-dependent absorption of starlight by a planet's atmosphere during a transit, is a powerful probe of atmospheric composition. However, the expected signal is typically…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 N. P. Gibson , S. Aigrain , S. Roberts , T. M. Evans , M. Osborne , F. Pont

This paper deals with the parametric inference for integrated signals embedded in an additive Gaussian noise and observed at deterministic discrete instants which are not necessarily equidistant. The unknown parameter is multidimensional…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-03-18 Dominique Dehay , Khalil El Waled , Vincent Monsan

Recently, sparsity-based algorithms are proposed for super-resolution spectrum estimation. However, to achieve adequately high resolution in real-world signal analysis, the dictionary atoms have to be close to each other in frequency,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-06-05 Yiyuan She , Huanghuang Li , Jiangping Wang , Dapeng Wu

Robust environment perception is essential for decision-making on robots operating in complex domains. Principled treatment of uncertainty sources in a robot's observation model is necessary for accurate mapping and object detection. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-07-15 Shayegan Omidshafiei , Brett T. Lopez , Jonathan P. How , John Vian

Statistical model checking estimates probabilities and expectations of interest in probabilistic system models by using random simulations. Its results come with statistical guarantees. However, many tools use unsound statistical methods…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Carlos E. Budde , Arnd Hartmanns , Tobias Meggendorfer , Maximilian Weininger , Patrick Wienhöft

By learning the gradient of smoothed data distributions, diffusion models can iteratively generate samples from complex distributions. The learned score function enables their generalization capabilities, but how the learned score relates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Binxu Wang , John J. Vastola

Recent studies have demonstrated that natural-language prompts can help to leverage the knowledge learned by pre-trained language models for the binary sentence-level sentiment classification task. Specifically, these methods utilize…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Mohna Chakraborty , Adithya Kulkarni , Qi Li

Symbolic regression automates the process of learning closed-form mathematical models from data. Standard approaches to symbolic regression, as well as newer deep learning approaches, rely on heuristic model selection criteria, heuristic…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-29 Roger Guimera , Marta Sales-Pardo

Estimating percentiles of black-box deterministic functions with random inputs is a challenging task when the number of function evaluations is severely restricted, which is typical for computer experiments. This article proposes two new…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-05-23 T Labopin-Richard , V Picheny

We present BAE, a problem-tailored and noise-aware Bayesian algorithm for quantum amplitude estimation. In a fault tolerant scenario, BAE is capable of saturating the Heisenberg limit; if device noise is present, BAE can dynamically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-17 Alexandra Ramôa , Luis Paulo Santos

The use of mathematical models to make predictions about tumor growth and response to treatment has become increasingly more prevalent in the clinical setting. The level of complexity within these models ranges broadly, and the calibration…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2021-12-28 Allison L. Lewis , Kathleen M. Storey , Heyrim Cho , Anna C. Zittle

Count outcomes in longitudinal studies are frequent in clinical and engineering studies. In frequentist and Bayesian statistical analysis, methods such as Mixed linear models allow the variability or correlation within individuals to be…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-07-15 Alejandra Estefanía Patiño Hoyos , Johnatan Cardona Jiménez

In this paper, we study the problem of adaptive estimation of the spectral density of a stationary Gaussian process. For this purpose, we consider a wavelet-based method which combines the ideas of wavelet approximation and estimation by…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-06-07 Jérémie Bigot , Rolando Biscay Lirio , Jean-Michel Loubes , Lilian Muniz Alvarez

Nonresponse weighting adjustment using the response propensity score is a popular tool for handling unit nonresponse. Statistical inference after the nonresponse weighting adjustment is complicated because the effect of estimating the…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-02-14 Hejian Sang , Jae Kwang Kim

This paper focuses on the problem of determining as large a region as possible where a function exceeds a given threshold with high probability. We assume that we only have access to a noise-corrupted version of the function and that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-27 Andrea Zanette , Junzi Zhang , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

This paper studies a Bayesian approach to non-asymptotic minimax adaptation in nonparametric estimation. Estimating an input function on the basis of output functions in a Gaussian white-noise model is discussed. The input function is…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-08-30 Keisuke Yano , Fumiyasu Komaki

Digital sensors can lead to noisy results under many circumstances. To be able to remove the undesired noise from images, proper noise modeling and an accurate noise parameter estimation is crucial. In this project, we use a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-21 Étienne Objois , Kaan Okumuş , Nicolas Bähler

This paper studies the threshold estimation of a TAR model when the underlying threshold parameter is a random variable. It is shown that the Bayesian estimator is consistent and its limit distribution is expressed in terms of a limit…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-03-22 Ngai Hang Chan , Yury A. Kutoyants

In this work we discuss the problem of identifying sound sources from pressure measurements with a Bayesian approach. The acoustics are modelled by the Helmholtz equation and the goal is to get information about the number, strength and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-01-16 Sebastian Engel , Dominik Hafemeyer , Christian Münch , Daniel Schaden
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