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Asteroid exploration has been attracting more attention in recent years. Nevertheless, we have just visited tens of asteroids while we have discovered more than one million bodies. As our current observation and knowledge should be biased,…
We introduce an efficient open-source python package for the inverse design of three-dimensional photonic nanostructures using the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method. Leveraging a flexible reverse-mode automatic differentiation…
Some issues of inverting asteroseismic frequency data are discussed, including the use of model calibration and linearized inversion. An illustrative inversion of artificial data for solar-type stars, using least-squares fitting of a small…
Increasing interest in three-dimensional nanostructures adds impetus to electron microscopy techniques capable of imaging at or below the nanoscale in three dimensions. We present a reconstruction algorithm that takes as input a focal…
While electron microscopy offers crucial atomic-resolution insights into structure-property relationships, radiation damage severely limits its use on beam-sensitive materials like proteins and 2D materials. To overcome this challenge, we…
Asteroseismology is our only means of measuring stellar rotation in their interiors, rather than at their surfaces. Some techniques for measurements of this kind -- "rotational inversions" -- require the shapes of linear response kernels…
The traditional models of distributed computing focus mainly on networks of computer-like devices that can exchange large messages with their neighbors and perform arbitrary local computations. Recently, there is a trend to apply…
Star-convex shapes arise across bio-microscopy and radiology in the form of nuclei, nodules, metastases, and other units. Existing instance segmentation networks for such structures train on densely labeled instances for each dataset, which…
To overcome the physical limitations of scaling monolithic quantum computers, distributed quantum computing (DQC) interconnects multiple smaller-scale quantum processing units (QPUs) to form a quantum network. However, this approach…
Diffusion models have demonstrated strong generative capabilities across domains ranging from image synthesis to complex reasoning tasks. However, most inference-time scaling methods rely on fixed denoising schedules, limiting their ability…
As we enter a new era of quantum technology, it is increasingly important to develop methods to aid in the accurate preparation of quantum states for a variety of materials, matter, and devices. Computational techniques can be used to…
Electronic wave functions of planar molecules can be reconstructed via inverse Fourier transform of angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) data, provided the phase of the electron wave in the detector plane is known. Since the…
Wide binary stars are important for testing alternative models of gravitation in the weak-field regime and understanding the statistical outcomes of dynamical interactions in the general Galactic field. The Gaia mission's collection of…
A novel and highly efficient computational framework for reconstructing binary-type images suitable for models of various complexity seen in diverse biomedical applications is developed and validated. Efficiency in computational speed and…
Although spin is a core property in fermionic systems, its symmetry can be easily violated in a variational simulation, especially when strong correlation plays a vital role therein. In this study, we will demonstrate that the broken…
Regularized arrangement of primitives on building fa\c{c}ades to aligned locations and consistent sizes is important towards structured reconstruction of urban environment. Mixed integer linear programing was used to solve the problem,…
Discrete tomography deals with the reconstruction of images from projections collected along a few given directions. Different approaches can be considered, according to different models. In this paper we adopt the grid model, where pixels…
We introduce NEOviz, an interactive visualization system designed to assist planetary defense experts in the visual analysis of the movements of near-Earth objects in the Solar System that might prove hazardous to Earth. Asteroids are often…
Many imaging technologies rely on tomographic reconstruction, which requires solving a multidimensional inverse problem given a finite number of projections. Backprojection is a popular class of algorithm for tomographic reconstruction,…
Quantifying hemodynamics in the curved segments of the intracranial internal carotid artery is a core challenge in diagnosing vascular stenosis. Conventional full-field imaging, such as 4D Flow MRI, is costly and difficult to widely…