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A new method for classification of galaxy spectra is presented, based on a recently introduced information theoretical principle, the `Information Bottleneck'. For any desired number of classes, galaxies are classified such that the…
In this contribution, we aim to summarise the efforts of the Italian SKA scientific community in conducting surveys of star-forming regions within our Galaxy, in the development of astrochemical research on protostellar envelopes and disks,…
The dream of building machines that can do science has inspired scientists for decades. Remarkable advances have been made recently; however, we are still far from achieving this goal. In this paper, we focus on the scientific discovery…
The integration of Agentic AI into scientific discovery marks a new frontier in research automation. These AI systems, capable of reasoning, planning, and autonomous decision-making, are transforming how scientists perform literature…
The goal of the Ariel space mission is to observe a large and diversified population of transiting planets around a range of host star types to collect information on their atmospheric composition. The planetary bulk and atmospheric…
Innovative developments in data processing, archiving, analysis, and visualization are nowadays unavoidable to deal with the data deluge expected in next-generation facilities for radio astronomy, such as the Square Kilometre Array (SKA)…
This article presents a newly developed Web portal called VisIVOWeb that aims to provide the astrophysical community with powerful visualization tools for large-scale data sets in the context of Web 2.0. VisIVOWeb can effectively handle…
Context. Generative models open up the possibility to interrogate scientific data in a more data-driven way. Aims: We propose a method that uses generative models to explore hypotheses in astrophysics and other areas. We use a neural…
Radio observations are currently the only way to explore accelerated particles in cool stellar environments. We describe how a next generation VLA can contribute to the understanding of the stellar contribution to exo-space weather. This…
Vision-Language Models (VLMs) based on Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures have emerged as a pivotal paradigm in multimodal understanding, offering a powerful framework for integrating visual and linguistic information. However, the…
The GAIA satellite will provide unprecedented phase-space information for our Galaxy and enable a new era of Galactic dynamics. We may soon see successful realizations of Galactoseismology, i.e., inferring the characteristics of the…
By applying a display ecology to the {\em Deeper, Wider, Faster} proactive, simultaneous telescope observing campaign, we have shown a dramatic reduction in the time taken to inspect DECam CCD images for potential transient candidates and…
Modeling environmental ecosystems is essential for effective resource management, sustainable development, and understanding complex ecological processes. However, traditional data-driven methods face challenges in capturing inherently…
Surveys of the local and distant Universe are the means to test and improve our models of galaxy formation. Substantial successes in the models are evident, while there is also considerable recent progress in identifying what remains to be…
The increasing amount of data in astronomy provides great challenges for machine learning research. Previously, supervised learning methods achieved satisfactory recognition accuracy for the star-galaxy classification task, based on…
Stellar models provide a vital basis for many aspects of astronomy and astrophysics. Recent advances in observational astronomy -- through asteroseismology, precision photometry, high-resolution spectroscopy, and large-scale surveys -- are…
We describe the `WiggleZ' spectroscopic survey of 280,000 star-forming galaxies selected from a combination of GALEX ultra-violet and SDSS + RCS2 optical imaging. The fundamental goal is a detection of the baryonic acoustic oscillations in…
Crystallization is a key step in macromolecular structure determination by crystallography. While a robust theoretical treatment of the process is available, due to the complexity of the system, the experimental process is still largely one…
Modern scientific discovery increasingly requires coordinating distributed facilities and heterogeneous resources, forcing researchers to act as manual workflow coordinators rather than scientists. Advances in AI leading to AI agents show…
Galaxy evolution is a complex process where both the inner evolution of stellar population, gas and dust, and the external effects, like interactions and exchanges with the environment, have to be taken into account. It has been fundamental…