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Image captioning often requires a large set of training image-sentence pairs. In practice, however, acquiring sufficient training pairs is always expensive, making the recent captioning models limited in their ability to describe objects…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-18 Ting Yao , Yingwei Pan , Yehao Li , Tao Mei

Recent advances in large language models enable documents to be represented as dense semantic embeddings, supporting similarity-based operations over large text collections. However, many web-scale systems still rely on flat clustering or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Thomas Haschka , Joseph Bakarji

We consider the problem of Recognizing Textual Entailment within an Information Retrieval context, where we must simultaneously determine the relevancy as well as degree of entailment for individual pieces of evidence to determine a yes/no…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-06-24 Petr Baudis , Silvestr Stanko , Jan Sedivy

We introduce a novel deep neural network architecture that links visual regions to corresponding textual segments including phrases and words. To accomplish this task, our architecture makes use of the rich semantic information available in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-09 Deepan Das , Noor Mohammed Ghouse , Shashank Verma , Yin Li

Structured reasoning over natural language inputs remains a core challenge in artificial intelligence, as it requires bridging the gap between unstructured linguistic expressions and formal logical representations. In this paper, we propose…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Keying Yang , Hao Wang , Kai Yang

Learning semantically meaningful sentence embeddings is an open problem in natural language processing. In this work, we propose a sentence embedding learning approach that exploits both visual and textual information via a multimodal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Miaoran Zhang , Marius Mosbach , David Ifeoluwa Adelani , Michael A. Hedderich , Dietrich Klakow

Vector representations of sentences, trained on massive text corpora, are widely used as generic sentence embeddings across a variety of NLP problems. The learned representations are generally assumed to be continuous and real-valued,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-21 Dinghan Shen , Pengyu Cheng , Dhanasekar Sundararaman , Xinyuan Zhang , Qian Yang , Meng Tang , Asli Celikyilmaz , Lawrence Carin

The ability to accurately represent sentences is central to language understanding. We describe a convolutional architecture dubbed the Dynamic Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) that we adopt for the semantic modelling of sentences. The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-04-09 Nal Kalchbrenner , Edward Grefenstette , Phil Blunsom

Distributional semantics based on neural approaches is a cornerstone of Natural Language Processing, with surprising connections to human meaning representation as well. Recent Transformer-based Language Models have proven capable of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-04 Daniel Loureiro , Alípio Mário Jorge , Jose Camacho-Collados

In this paper, we propose a novel deep coherence model (DCM) using a convolutional neural network architecture to capture the text coherence. The text coherence problem is investigated with a new perspective of learning sentence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-24 Baiyun Cui , Yingming Li , Yaqing Zhang , Zhongfei Zhang

This paper proposes a new model for extracting an interpretable sentence embedding by introducing self-attention. Instead of using a vector, we use a 2-D matrix to represent the embedding, with each row of the matrix attending on a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-03-10 Zhouhan Lin , Minwei Feng , Cicero Nogueira dos Santos , Mo Yu , Bing Xiang , Bowen Zhou , Yoshua Bengio

Hierarchical Multiscale LSTM (Chung et al., 2016a) is a state-of-the-art language model that learns interpretable structure from character-level input. Such models can provide fertile ground for (cognitive) computational linguistics…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-11 Ákos Kádár , Marc-Alexandre Côté , Grzegorz Chrupała , Afra Alishahi

Generating semantically coherent text requires a robust internal representation of linguistic structures, which traditional embedding techniques often fail to capture adequately. A novel approach, Latent Lexical Projection (LLP), is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Ziad Shaker , Brendan Ashdown , Hugo Fitzalan , Alistair Heathcote , Jocasta Huntington

The application of Deep Neural Networks for ranking in search engines may obviate the need for the extensive feature engineering common to current learning-to-rank methods. However, we show that combining simple relevance matching features…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-01-27 Aaron Jaech , Hetunandan Kamisetty , Eric Ringger , Charlie Clarke

Tree-structured neural network architectures for sentence encoding draw inspiration from the approach to semantic composition generally seen in formal linguistics, and have shown empirical improvements over comparable sequence models by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-08 WooJin Chung , Sheng-Fu Wang , Samuel R. Bowman

This work investigates an alternative model for neural machine translation (NMT) and proposes a novel architecture, where we employ a multi-dimensional long short-term memory (MDLSTM) for translation modeling. In the state-of-the-art…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-10 Parnia Bahar , Christopher Brix , Hermann Ney

Automatic definition extraction from texts is an important task that has numerous applications in several natural language processing fields such as summarization, analysis of scientific texts, automatic taxonomy generation, ontology…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Natalia Vanetik , Marina Litvak , Sergey Shevchuk , Lior Reznik

Machine comprehension of text is an important problem in natural language processing. A recently released dataset, the Stanford Question Answering Dataset (SQuAD), offers a large number of real questions and their answers created by humans…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-08 Shuohang Wang , Jing Jiang

Text matching is a fundamental problem in natural language processing. Neural models using bidirectional LSTMs for sentence encoding and inter-sentence attention mechanisms perform remarkably well on several benchmark datasets. We propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-12 Siddhartha Brahma

Word alignment which aims to extract lexicon translation equivalents between source and target sentences, serves as a fundamental tool for natural language processing. Recent studies in this area have yielded substantial improvements by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Siyu Lai , Zhen Yang , Fandong Meng , Yufeng Chen , Jinan Xu , Jie Zhou