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Eccentricity is an important orbital parameter. Understanding its effect on planetary climate and habitability is critical for us to search for a habitable world beyond our solar system. The orbital configurations of M-dwarf planets are…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-05 Yuwei Wang , Yonggang Liu , Feng Tian , Yongyun Hu , Yi Huang

Terrestrial planets currently in the habitable zones around M dwarfs likely experienced a long-term runaway greenhouse condition because of a slow decline in host-stellar luminosity in its pre-main sequence phase. Accordingly, they might…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-17 Tatsuya Yoshida , Naoki Terada , Masahiro Ikoma , Kiyoshi Kuramoto

We consider super-Earth sized planets which have a water mass fraction that is large enough to form an external mantle composed of high pressure water ice polymorphs and that lack a substantial H/He atmosphere. We consider such planets in…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-05-01 Amit Levi , Dimitar Sasselov , Morris Podolak

Planetary atmospheric energy budgets primarily depend on stellar incident flux. However, stellar variability can have major consequences for the evolution of planetary climates. In this work, we evaluate how stellar variability influences…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-26 Tara Fetherolf , Sadie G. Welter , Colby M. Ostberg , Stephen R. Kane , Rory Barnes , Emilie R. Simpson

Discoveries of giant planet candidates orbiting white dwarf stars and the demonstrated capabilities of the James Webb Space Telescope bring the possibility of detecting rocky planets in the habitable zones of white dwarfs into pertinent…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-04 Aomawa L. Shields , Eric T. Wolf , Eric Agol , Pier-Emmanuel Tremblay

Improved knowledge of glacial-to-interglacial global temperature change implies that fast-feedback equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) is 1.2 +/- 0.3{\deg}C (2$\sigma$) per W/m$^2$. Consistent analysis of temperature over the full…

The Habitable Zone (HZ) is defined by the possibility of sustaining liquid water on a planetary surface. In the Solar System, the HZ for a conservative climate model extends approximately between the orbits of Earth and Mars. We elaborate…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-02 Amri Wandel

What kind of environment may exist on terrestrial planets around other stars? In spite of the lack of direct observations, it may not be premature to speculate on exoplanetary climates, for instance to optimize future telescopic…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Francois Forget , Jeremy Leconte

Hydrogen in rocky planet atmospheres has been invoked in arguments for extending the habitable zone via N2-H2 and CO2-H2 greenhouse warming, and providing atmospheric conditions suitable for efficient production of prebiotic molecules. On…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-03 Philippa Liggins , Oliver Shorttle , Paul B. Rimmer

Hot rocky super-Earths are thought to be sufficiently irradiated by their host star to melt their surface and thus allow for long-lasting magma oceans. Some processes have been proposed for such planets to have retained primordial hydrogen…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-29 Aurélien Falco , Pascal Tremblin , Sébastien Charnoz , Robert J. Ridgway , Pierre-Olivier Lagage

A terrestrial planet is molten during formation and may remain so if subject to intense insolation or tidal forces. Observations continue to favour the detection and characterisation of hot planets, potentially with large outgassed…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-11 Dan J. Bower , Daniel Kitzmann , Aaron S. Wolf , Patrick Sanan , Caroline Dorn , Apurva V. Oza

Terrestrial planets at the inner edge of the habitable zone of late-K and M-dwarf stars are expected to be in synchronous rotation, as a consequence of strong tidal interactions with their host stars. Previous global climate model (GCM)…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-03-16 Ravi kumar Kopparapu , Eric T. Wolf , Jacob Haqq-Misra , Jun Yang , James F. Kasting , Victoria Meadows , Ryan Terrien , Suvrath Mahadevan

The recent discovery and initial characterization of sub-Neptune-sized exoplanets that receive stellar irradiance of approximately Earth's raised the prospect of finding habitable planets in the coming decade, because some of these…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-03 Renyu Hu , Mario Damiano , Markus Scheucher , Edwin Kite , Sara Seager , Heike Rauer

As a contribution to the study of the habitability of extrasolar planets, we implemented a 1-D Energy Balance Model (EBM), the simplest seasonal model of planetary climate, with new prescriptions for most physical quantities. Here we apply…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Giovanni Vladilo , Giuseppe Murante , Laura Silva , Antonello Provenzale , Gaia Ferri , Gregorio Ragazzini

H$_2$-dominated terrestrial exoplanets are highly accessible to atmospheric characterization via transmission spectroscopy, but such atmospheres are generally thought to be unstable to escape. Here, we propose that close-in, eccentric…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-10 R. Arora , S. Ranjan , P. Moitra , A. Mallik

Mounting evidence indicates that our planet might experience runaway effects associated to rising temperatures and ecosystem overexploitation, leading to catastrophic shifts on short time scales. Remediation scenarios capable of…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2015-03-18 Ricard Solé , Salva Duran-Nebreda , Raul Montañez

Exomoons around free-floating planets (FFPs) can survive their host planet's ejection. Such ejections can increase their orbital eccentricity, providing significant tidal heating in the absence of any stellar energy source. Previous studies…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-06 David Dahlbüdding , Tommaso Grassi , Karan Molaverdikhani , Giulia Roccetti , Barbara Ercolano , Dieter Braun , Paola Caselli

Terrestrial planets within the Venus zone surrounding M dwarf stars can retain surface ice caps on the perpetual dark side if atmospheric heat transport is inefficient, {as suggested by previous global climate simulations…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-05 Yueyun Ouyang , Feng Ding , Jun Yang

We address the issue of the dynamical evolution of the Gliese 581 planetary system. It is crucial when considering the planets' habitability because the secular evolution of the orbits may regulate their climate, even in the case where the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-18 Hervé Beust , Xavier Bonfils , Xavier Delfosse , Stephane Udry

The search for habitable conditions and signs of life on exoplanets is a major frontier in modern astronomy. Detecting atmospheric signatures of Earth-like exoplanets is challenging due to their small sizes and relatively thin atmospheres.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-19 Nikku Madhusudhan