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We present the results of a machine learning study to measure the dust content of galaxies observed with JWST at z > 6 through the use of trained neural networks based on high-resolution IllustrisTNG simulations. Dust is an important…

Using over a million and a half extragalactic spectra we study the properties of the mysterious Diffuse Interstellar Bands (DIBs) in the Milky Way. These data provide us with an unprecedented sampling of the skies at high Galactic-latitude…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-22 Dalya Baron , Dovi Poznanski , Darach Watson , Yushu Yao , J. Xavier Prochaska

We are living in a dusty universe: dust is ubiquitously seen in a wide variety of astrophysical environments, ranging from circumstellar envelopes around cool red giants to supernova ejecta, from diffuse and dense interstellar clouds and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Aigen Li

The X-ray regime is a largely underused resource for constraining interstellar dust grain models and improving our understanding of the physical processes that dictate how grains evolve over their lifetimes. This is mostly due to current…

The distance to the stars is a fundamental parameter, which is determined via two primary methods - parallax and luminosity. While the parallax is a direct trigonometric method, the luminosity distance is usually influenced by interstellar…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-12-30 Ralf Siebenmorgen , Frank Heymann , Rolf Chini

Understanding the impact of dust on the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of galaxies is crucial for inferring their physical properties and for studying the nature of interstellar dust. We analyze dust attenuation curves for $\sim 6400$…

Line intensity mapping is emerging as a novel method that can measure the collective intensity fluctuations of atomic/molecular line emission from distant galaxies. Several observational programs with various wavelengths are ongoing and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-12-15 Kana Moriwaki , Naoki Yoshida

We show that if all gamma-ray bursts emit X-rays in a way similar to those observed by BeppoSax, much of the extinction along the line of sight in the host galaxy of the burst can be destroyed. Two mechanisms are principally responsible for…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Andrew S. Fruchter , Julian H. Krolik , James E. Rhoads

Distance estimates derived from spectroscopy or parallax have been unified by considering extinction by large grains. The addition of such a population of what is called Dark Dust to models of the diffuse interstellar medium is tested…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-02-22 Ralf Siebenmorgen

We calculate the flux received from a binary system obscured by a circumbinary disc. The disc is modelled using two dimensional hydrodynamical simulations, and the vertical structure is derived by assuming it is isothermal. The…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-28 Caroline Terquem , Paul Magnus Sørensen-Clark , Jérôme Bouvier

One of the more surprising astrophysical discoveries of the last decade has been the presence of enormous quantities of dust at megaparsec distances from galaxies, which has important implications for galaxy evolution, the circumgalactic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-25 Jacqueline E. McCleary , Eric M. Huff , James W. Bartlett , Brandon S. Hensley

3D tomography of the interstellar dust and gas may be useful in many respects, from the physical and chemical evolution of the ISM itself to foreground decontamination of the CMB, or various studies of the environments of specific objects.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-18 Jean-Luc Vergely , Bernard Valette , Rosine Lallement , Severine Raimond

We present a method for accurately and precisely inferring photometric dust extinction towards stars at mid-to-high Galactic latitudes using probabilistic machine learning to model the colour-magnitude distribution of zero-extinction stars…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-12-15 Matthew O'Callaghan , Kaisey S. Mandel , Gerry Gilmore

The past century of interstellar dust has brought us from first ignoring it to finding that it plays an important role in the evolution of galaxies. Current observational results in our galaxy provide a complex physical and chemical…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 J. Mayo Greenberg , Chuanjian Shen

To investigate the properties of dust in the nuclear region of quasars, we explored the extinction curves of the iron low-ionization broad absorption line (FeLoBAL) quasar SDSS J163004.29+311957.6 and its two analogues. The parameterized…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-07-13 Shaohua Zhang , Jian Ge , Tuo Ji , Peng Jiang , Zhijian Luo , Xiang Pan , Xiheng Shi , Chenggang Shu , Jianguo Wang , Hubing Xiao , Hongyan Zhou

We present an analysis of the dust optical properties at large scale, for the whole galactic anticenter hemisphere. We used the 2MASS Extended Source Catalog to obtain the total reddening on each galaxy line of sight and we compared this…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-19 L. Cambresy , T. H. Jarrett , C. A. Beichman

Galaxy-scale outflows are of critical importance for galaxy formation and evolution. Dust grains are the main sites for the formation of molecules needed for star formation but are also important for the acceleration of outflows that can…

A composite dust grain model which simultaneously explains the observed interstellar extinction, polarization, IR emission and the abundance constraints, is required. We present a composite grain model, which is made up of a host silicate…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2013-10-02 Nisha Katyal , Ranjan Gupta , D. B. Vaidya

We map the dust distribution in the central 180" (~680 pc) region of the M31 bulge, based on HST/WFC3 and ACS observations in ten bands from near-ultraviolet (2700 A) to near-infrared (1.5 micron). This large wavelength coverage gives us…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-04-20 Hui Dong , Zhiyuan Li , Q. D. Wang , Tod R. Lauer , Knut A. G. Olsen , Abhijit Saha , Julianne J. Dalcanton , Brent A. Groves

The high cosmological precision offered by the next generation of galaxy surveys hinges on improved corrections for Galactic dust extinction. We explore the possibility of estimating both the dust extinction and large-scale structure from a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-17 Matías Bravo , Eric Gawiser , Nelson D. Padilla , Joseph DeRose , Risa H. Wechsler , The LSST Dark Energy Science Collaboration