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We consider \emph{plurality consensus} in a network of $n$ nodes. Initially, each node has one of $k$ opinions. The nodes execute a (randomized) distributed protocol to agree on the plurality opinion (the opinion initially supported by the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-02-04 Petra Berenbrink , Tom Friedetzky , Peter Kling , Frederik Mallmann-Trenn , Chris Wastell

The quantum technology revolution brings with it the promise of a quantum internet. A new -- quantum -- network stack will be needed to account for the fundamentally new properties of quantum entanglement. The first realisations of quantum…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-12-02 Wojciech Kozlowski , Fernando Kuipers , Stephanie Wehner

Consensus protocols for asynchronous networks are usually complex and inefficient, leading practical systems to rely on synchronous protocols. This paper attempts to simplify asynchronous consensus by building atop a novel threshold logical…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-07-17 Bryan Ford

Consensus protocols are crucial for reliable distributed systems as they let them cope with network and server failures. For decades, most consensus protocols have been designed as variations of the seminal Paxos, yet in 2014 Raft was…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-04-29 Hugues Evrard

Distributed consensus algorithms such as Paxos have been studied extensively. They all use the same definition of safety. Liveness is especially important in practice despite well-known theoretical impossibility results. However, many…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Saksham Chand , Yanhong A Liu

In this work, we present P4-IPsec, a concept for IPsec in software-defined networks (SDN) using P4 programmable data planes. The prototype implementation features ESP in tunnel mode and supports different cipher suites. P4-capable switches…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Frederik Hauser , Marco Häberle , Mark Schmidt , Michael Menth

Modern distributed systems rely on consensus protocols to build a fault-tolerant-core upon which they can build applications. Consensus protocols are correct under a specific failure model, where up to $f$ machines can fail. We argue that…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Reginald Frank , Soujanya Ponnapalli , Octavio Lomeli , Neil Giridharan , Marcos K Aguilera , Natacha Crooks

Languages such as P4 and NPL have enabled a wide and diverse range of networking applications that take advantage of programmable dataplanes. However, software development in these languages is difficult. To address this issue, high-level…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Mihai-Valentin Dumitru , Vlad-Andrei Bădoiu , Costin Raiciu

Paxos, the de facto standard approach to solving distributed consensus, operates in two phases, each of which requires an intersecting quorum of nodes. Multi-Paxos reduces this to one phase by electing a leader but this leader is also a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-10-19 Heidi Howard , Aleksey Charapko , Richard Mortier

Programmable switch hardware makes it possible to move fine-grained control logic inside the network data plane, improving performance for a wide range of applications. However, applications with integrated control are inherently hard to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-07-07 John Sonchack , Devon Loehr , Jennifer Rexford , David Walker

Programmable packet scheduling allows the deployment of scheduling algorithms into existing switches without need for hardware redesign. Scheduling algorithms are programmed by tagging packets with ranks, indicating their desired priority.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Albert Gran Alcoz , Balázs Vass , Gábor Rétvári , Laurent Vanbever

Modern distributed systems face a critical challenge: existing consensus protocols optimize for either node heterogeneity or workload independence, but not both. For example, Cabinet leverages weighted quorums to handle node heterogeneity…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Tanisha Fonseca , Gengrui Zhang

Paxos and Fast Paxos are optimal consensus algorithms that are simple and elegant, while suitable for efficient implementation. In this paper, we compare the performance of both algorithms in failure-free and failure-prone runs using…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2013-08-07 Gustavo M. D. Vieira , Luiz E. Buzato

The P4 programming language offers high-level, declarative abstractions that bring the flexibility of software to the domain of networking. Unfortunately, the main abstraction used to represent packet data in P4, namely header types, lacks…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Matthias Eichholz , Eric Campbell , Nate Foster , Guido Salvaneschi , Mira Mezini

This paper addresses the robust consensus problem under switching topologies. Contrary to existing methods, the proposed approach provides decentralized protocols that achieve consensus for networked multi-agent systems in a predefined…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-08-02 R. Aldana-López , D. Gómez-Gutiérrez , M. Defoort , J. D. Sánchez-Torres , A. J. Muñoz-Vázquez

Ensuring uninterrupted data flow in modern networks requires robust fault-tolerant mechanisms, especially in environments where reliability and responsiveness are critical. This paper presents the design and simulation of a fault-tolerant…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Terlumun Gbaden , Mterorga Ukor , Grace Erdoo Ateata

Many algorithms for congestion control, scheduling, network measurement, active queue management, security, and load balancing require custom processing of packets as they traverse the data plane of a network switch. To run at line rate,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-02-02 Anirudh Sivaraman , Mihai Budiu , Alvin Cheung , Changhoon Kim , Steve Licking , George Varghese , Hari Balakrishnan , Mohammad Alizadeh , Nick McKeown

P4 is a domain-specific language for programming and specifying packet-processing systems. It is based on an elegant design with high-level abstractions like parsers and match-action pipelines that can be compiled to efficient…

This report deals with the design of handover schemes for radio access networks (RAN) in 5G networks, using programmable data plane switches. In 5G networks, the NG-RAN architecture splits the Base Band Unit (BBU) into Central and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Phanindra Palagummi , Krishna M. Sivalingam

The P4 community has recently put significant effort to increase the diversity of targets on which P4 programs can be implemented. These include fixed function and programmable ASICs, FPGAs, NICs, and CPUs. However, P4 programs are written…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-03-11 Jeferson Santiago da Silva , Thibaut Stimpfling , Thomas Luinaud , Bachir Fradj , Bochra Boughzala