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Despite numerous applications for fine-grained corpus analysis, researchers continue to rely on manual labeling, which does not scale, or statistical tools like topic modeling, which are difficult to control. We propose that LLMs have the…
Computational chemistry allows researchers to experiment in sillico: by running a computer simulations of a biological or chemical processes of interest. Molecular dynamics with molecular mechanics model of interactions simulates N-body…
Speculative decoding (SD), where a draft model provides multiple candidate tokens for the target model to verify in parallel, has demonstrated significant potential for accelerating LLM inference. Yet, existing SD approaches adhere to a…
An unconventional encoding scheme called concurrent coding, has recently been demonstrated and shown to offer interesting features and benefits in comparison to conventional techniques, e.g. robustness against burst errors and improved…
The emergence of multi-petawatt laser facilities is expected to push forward the maximum energy gain that can be achieved in a single stage of a LWFA to tens of GeV, which begs the question - is it likely to impact particle physics by…
Optimizing iPIC3D, an implicit Particle-in-Cell (PIC) code, for large-scale 3D plasma simulations is crucial for space and astrophysical applications. This work focuses on characterizing iPIC3D's communication efficiency through strategic…
The electric field in laser-driven plasma wakefield acceleration is orders of magnitude higher than conventional radio-frequency cavities, but the energy gain is limited by dephasing between the ultra-relativistic electron bunch and the…
We consider spatially coupled low-density parity-check codes with finite smoothing parameters. A finite smoothing parameter is important for designing practical codes that are decoded using low-complexity windowed decoders. By optimizing…
We compare the results of two--dimensional simulations to experimental data obtained at Los Alamos National Laboratory in order to validate the FLASH code. FLASH is a multi--physics, block--structured adaptive mesh refinement code for…
The high energy emission of microquasars is thought to originate from high energy particles. Depending on the spectral state, the distribution of these particles can be thermal with a high temperature (typically 100 keV) or non-thermal and…
Radiative transfer modelling is part of many astrophysical simulations and is used to make synthetic observations and to assist analysis of observations. We concentrate on the modelling of the radio lines emitted by the interstellar medium.…
Real-time decoding is a key ingredient in future fault-tolerant quantum systems, yet many decoders are too slow to run in real time. Prior work has shown that parallel window decoding schemes can scalably meet throughput requirements in the…
The proliferation of long-context large language models (LLMs) exposes a key bottleneck: the rapidly expanding key-value cache during decoding, which imposes heavy memory and latency costs. While recent approaches attempt to alleviate this…
Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes together with belief propagation (BP) decoding yield exceptional error correction capabilities in the large block length regime. Yet, there remains a gap between BP decoding and maximum likelihood…
We present MADWAVE3, a FORTRAN90 code designed for quantum time dependent wave packet propagation in triatomic systems. This program allows the calculation of state-to-state probabilities for inelastic and reactive collisions, as well as…
This work continues a series of papers where we propose an algorithm for quasioptical modeling of electromagnetic beams with and without mode conversion. The general theory was reported in the first paper of this series, where a parabolic…
The discovery of laser wakefield acceleration in gaseous plasma was a major milestone that could lead to a significant reduction of size and cost of large electron accelerators. For higher-energy laser-driven electron acceleration guiding…
We present the Photon-Plasma code, a modern high order charge conserving particle-in-cell code for simulating relativistic plasmas. The code is using a high order implicit field solver and a novel high order charge conserving interpolation…
Multistage coupling of laser-wakefield accelerators is essential to overcome laser energy depletion for high-energy applications such as TeV level electron-positron colliders. Current staging schemes feed subsequent laser pulses into stages…
Charged particle acceleration using solid-state nanostructures has attracted attention in recent years as a method of achieving ultra-high-gradient acceleration in the TV/m domain. More concretely, metallic hollow nanostructures could be…