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In the weak measurement formalism of Y. Aharonov et al. the so-called weak value A_w of any observable A is generally a complex number. We derive a physical interpretation of its value in terms of the shift in the measurement pointer's mean…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Richard Jozsa

Weak measurement with a coherent state pointer and in combination with an orthogonal postselection can lead to a surprising amplification effect, and we give a fire-new physical mechanism about the weak measurement in order to understand…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-03 Gang Li , Ming-Yong Ye , Xiu-Min Lin , He-Shan Song

The variance of an observable in a pre-selected quantum system, which is always real and non-negative, appears as an increase in the probe wave packet width in indirect measurements. Extending this framework to pre- and post-selected…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-28 Kazuhisa Ogawa , Natsuki Abe , Hirokazu Kobayashi , Akihisa Tomita

We quantify the disturbance of a quantum state undergoing a sequence of observations, and particularly focus on a weak measurement followed by post-selection and compare these results to the projective counterpart. Taking into account the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-04 Philipp Stammer

Weak measurements have an increasing number of applications in contemporary quantum mechanics. They were originally described as a weak interaction that slightly entangled the translational degrees of freedom of a particle to its spin,…

This work will incorporate a few related tools for addressing the conceptual difficulties arising from sewing together classical and quantum mechanics: deterministic operators, weak measurements and post-selection. Weak Measurement, based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-21 Eliahu Cohen , Yakir Aharonov

The fact that not all quantum observables are jointly measurable is one of the major differences between quantum and classical theory. In the former, non-commuting observables can only be simultaneously measured with limited precision. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-17 Gilles Pütz , Tomer Barnea , Nicolas Gisin , Anthony Martin

It is often said that measuring a system's position must disturb the complementary property, momentum, by some minimum amount due to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Using a "weak-measurement", this disturbance can be reduced. One…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-26 G. S. Thekkadath , F. Hufnagel , J. S. Lundeen

Quantum systems usually travel a multitude of different paths when evolving through time from an initial to a final state. In general, the possible paths will depend on the future and past boundary conditions, as well as the system's…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-30 Aharon Brodutch , Eliahu Cohen

Unlike regular time evolution governed by the Schr\"odinger equation, standard quantum measurement appears to violate time-reversal symmetry. Measurement creates random disturbances (e.g., collapse) that prevents back-tracing the quantum…

It is well established that starting only with strong, projective quantum measurements, experiments can be designed to allow weak measurements, which lead to random walk between the possible final measurement outcomes. However, one can ask…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-06 Truong-Son P. Van , Andrew N. Jordan , David W. Snoke

We propose and experimentally realize a general scheme of differential imaging employing the idea of weak measurement. We show that the weak coupling between the system of interest and a two-level ancilla can introduce a two-beam circuit…

Optics · Physics 2022-08-31 Xiong Liu , An Wang , Junfan Zhu , Ling Ye , Rongchun Ge , Jinglei Du , Hong Zhang , Zhiyou Zhang

Weak values are the fundamental values for observables in a pre- and post-selected system. Weak values are typically measured by weak measurement, in which weak values appear in the change of not the pre- and post-selected system but the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-21 Kazuhisa Ogawa , Hirokazu Kobayashi , Akihisa Tomita

Non-destructive weak measurements (WM) made on a quantum particle allow to extract information as the particle evolves from a prepared state to a finally detected state. The physical meaning of this information has been open to debate,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-22 Q. Duprey , A. Matzkin

The ability to post-select the outcomes of an experiment is a useful theoretical concept and experimental tool. In the context of weak measurements post-selection can lead to surprising results such as complex weak values outside the range…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-06-09 Dawei Lu , Aharon Brodutch , Jun Li , Hang Li , Raymond Laflamme

The indeterminism of quantum mechanics generally permits the independent specification of both an initial and a final condition on the state. Quantum pre-and-post-selection of states opens up a new, experimentally testable, sector of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 Paul Davies

A measurement consists in coupling a system to a probe and reading the output of the probe to gather information about the system. The weaker the coupling, the smaller the back-action on the system, but also the less information conveyed.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-11-13 Antonio Di Lorenzo , José Carlos Egues

We study the weak values of a quantum observable from the point of view of the Wigner formalism. The main actor is here the cross-Wigner transform of two functions, which is in disguise the cross-ambiguity function familiar from radar…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-30 Maurice A. de Gosson , Serge M. de Gosson

It is demonstrated that a weak measurement of the squared quadrature observable may yield negative values for coherent states. This result cannot be reproduced by a classical theory where quadratures are stochastic $c$-numbers. The real…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Lars M. Johansen

Recently, weak measurements have attracted a lot of interest as an experimental method for the investigation of non-classical correlations between observables that cannot be measured jointly. Here, I explain how the complex valued…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-02 Holger F. Hofmann