Related papers: Photons without vector fields
We propose a new class of higher derivative scalar-tensor theories without the Ostrogradsky's ghost instabilities. The construction of our theory is originally motivated by a scalar field with spacelike gradient, which enables us to fix a…
By consireding representation theory for non-associative algebras we construct the fundamental and adjoint representations of the octonion algebra. We then show how these representations by associative matrices allow a consistent octonionic…
We present a Lagrangian describing a massive charged spin-2 field and a scalar in a constant electromagnetic background, and we provide a consistent description of the system. The Lagrangian, derived from string field theory through a…
We consider the question of counting the degrees of freedom in theoretical models, with an emphasis on theories of fields and gravity. Among the possible approaches, the Hamiltonian formulation remains one of the most systematic and robust…
We consider a matrix space based on the spin degree of freedom, describing both a Hilbert state space, and its corresponding symmetry operators. Under the requirement that the Lorentz symmetry be kept, at given dimension, scalar symmetries,…
Starting from a generic Lagrangian, we discuss the number of propagating degrees of freedom in the framework of generalised non-linear electrodynamics when a photon-background split is applied. We start by stating results obtained in a…
Lagrangians for massive, unconstrained, higher-spin bosons and fermions are proposed. The idea is to modify the geometric, gauge invariant Lagrangians describing the corresponding massless theories by the addition of suitable quadratic…
Using the complex Klein-Gordon field as a model, we quantize the quaternionic scalar field in the real Hilbert space. The lagrangian formulation has accordingly been obtained, as well as the hamiltonian formulation, and the energy and…
It is shown that there exists a soluble four parameter model in (1+1) dimensions all of whose propagators can be determined in terms of the corresponding known propagators of the vector coupling theory. Unlike the latter case, however, the…
Based on the physical interpretation of the photon continuity equation derived in [M. Hawton, Phys. Rev. A 109, 062221 (2024) ] the standard Lagrangian is second quantized to obtain a Lorentz and gauge invariant theory of single photons.…
In a four-dimensional space I shall construct all of the conformally invariant, scalar-vector-tensor field theories that are consistent with conservation of charge, and flat space compatible. By the last assumption I mean that the…
In this paper we consider a frame-like gauge invariant description of massive higher spin bosons and fermions in d=3 and provide for the first time a proof that such formulation does describe just one massive physical degree of freedom with…
We propose an algebraic analysis using a 3+1 decomposition to identify conditions for a clever cancellation of the higher derivatives, which plagued the theory with Ostrogradsky ghosts, by exploiting some existing degeneracy in the…
In a previous paper conformal gravity was derived by means of a precise action principle on the hypercone in the conformal space. Here it is shown that the same technique used to construct conformal spin two theory as represented by linear…
We generalize the known equivalence between higher order gravity theories and scalar tensor theories to a new class of theories. Specifically, in the context of a first order or Palatini variational principle where the metric and connection…
As an example of what happens with physically relevant theories like effective gravity, we consider the covariant relativistic theory of a scalar field of arbitrarily higher differential order. A procedure based on the Legendre…
Covariant, self-interacting scalar quantum field theories admit solutions for low enough spacetime dimensions, but when additional divergences appear in higher dimensions, the traditional approach leads to results, such as triviality, that…
This paper expands on previous work to derive and motivate the Lagrangian formulation of field theories. In the process, we take three deliberate steps. First, we give the definition of the action and derive Euler-Lagrange equations for…
Scalar lattice gauge theories are models for scalar fields with local gauge symmetries. No fundamental gauge fields, or link variables in a lattice regularization, are introduced. The latter rather emerge as collective excitations composed…
Canonical analysis leading to formal quantisation of the higher derivative theories are considered. The first order formalism is adopted where all the configuration space variables along with their higher time derivatives are considered to…