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Context. Young and embedded stellar populations are important probes of the star formation process. Paradoxically, we have a better census of nearby embedded young populations than the slightly more evolved optically visible young…

We present the results of our investigation of the star-forming potential in the Perseus star-forming complex. We build on previous starless core, protostellar core, and young stellar object (YSO) catalogs from Spitzer, Herschel, and SCUBA…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-04-26 Seyma Mercimek , Philip C. Myers , Katherine I. Lee , Sarah I. Sadavoy

The chemical composition of gas and ice in disks around young stars set the bulk composition of planets. In contrast to protoplanetary disks (Class II), young disks that are still embedded in their natal envelope (Class 0 and I) are…

Research on young stellar populations is essential to understand the properties of embedded clusters and advance theories of their formation. This has driven advancements in methodologies for star detection, leading to the development of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-18 E. Nikoghosyan , D. Baghdasaryan , D. Andreasyan , N. Azatyan , A. Samsonyan , A. Yeghikyan

In recent years evidence has been building that planet formation starts early, in the first $\sim$ 0.5 Myr. Studying the dust masses available in young disks enables understanding the origin of planetary systems since mature disks are…

Early dust grain growth in protostellar envelopes infalling on young discs has been suggested in recent studies, supporting the hypothesis that dust particles start to agglomerate already during the Class 0/I phase of young stellar objects…

A grid of 20 millions 3-1100$\mu$m SED models is presented for synthetic young clusters embedded in dense clumps. The models depend on four primary parameters: the clump mass M$_{clump}$ and dust temperature T$_{dust}$, the fraction of mass…

We review the use of young low mass stars and protostars, or young stellar objects (YSOs), as tracers of star formation. Observations of molecular clouds at visible, infrared, radio and X-ray wavelengths can identify and characterize the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-05-04 S. T. Megeath , R. A. Gutermuth , M. A. Kounkel

We use PACS and SPIRE continuum data at 160 um, 250 um, 350 um, and 500 um from the Herschel Gould Belt Survey to sample seven clumps in Perseus: B1, B1-E, B5, IC348, L1448, L1455, and NGC1333. Additionally, we identify and characterize the…

This paper examines the density and velocity structure of envelopes around young stellar objects through submillimeter continuum imaging of four objects in Taurus and previously obtained molecular-line data. Observations carried out with…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Michiel R. Hogerheijde , Goeran Sandell

We present Spitzer IRS mid-infrared (5-35 micron) spectra of a complete flux-limited sample (> 3 mJy at 8 micron) of young stellar object (YSO) candidates selected on the basis of their infrared colors in the Serpens Molecular Cloud.…

The mass accretion process controls pre-main-sequence evolution, although its intrinsic instability has yet to be fully understood, especially towards the protostellar stage. In this work, we have undertaken a thorough examination of the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-08 C. Morris , Z. Guo , P. W. Lucas , N. Miller , C. Contreras Peña , M. A. Kuhn

We present fundamental parameters for 110 canonical K- & M-type (1.3$-$0.13$M_\odot$) Taurus-Auriga young stellar objects (YSOs). The analysis produces a simultaneous determination of effective temperature ($T_{\rm eff}$), surface gravity…

We have selected 337 intermediate and high-mass YSOs ($1.5$ to $20$ M$_{\odot}$) well-characterised with spectroscopy. By means of the clustering algorithm HDBSCAN, we study their clustering and association properties in the Gaia DR3…

We present and categorize Spitzer IRS spectra of 294 objects in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) to create the largest and most complete catalog of massive young stellar object (YSO) spectra in the LMC. Target sources were identified from…

A high number of embedded clusters is found in the Galaxy. Depending on the formation scenario, most of them can evolve to unbounded groups that are dissolved within a few tens of Myr. A systematic study of young stellar clusters showing…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-11 T. Santos-Silva , J. Gregorio-Hetem

(Abridged) Classification schemes for YSOs are based on evaluating the degree of dissipation of the surrounding envelope, whose main effects are the extinction of the optical radiation from the central YSO and re-emission in the…

We use various analytical techniques to study Young Stellar Objects (YSOs) in an area of approximately $10' \times 10'$ in the IRAS 18456-0223 star-forming region. We use archival optical (Gaia DR3) and infrared (2MASS, UKIDSS, Spitzer,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-06 Nilesh Pandey , U. S. Kamath

(abbreviated) We aim to determine the masses of the envelopes, disks, and central stars of young stellar objects (YSOs) in the Class I stage. We observed the embedded Class I objects IRS 63 and Elias 29 in the rho Ophiuchi star-forming…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Dave Lommen , Jes Jorgensen , Ewine van Dishoeck , Antonio Crapsi

The Taurus region is one of the most extensively studied star-forming regions. Surveys indicate that the young stars in this region are comprised of Young Stellar Objects (YSOs) that cluster in groups associated with the molecular cloud…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-04 Jiaming Liu , Min Fang , Chao Liu , Xiaolong Wang , Wenyuan Cui , Licai Deng