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The paper is concerned with the development of a gravitational field theory having locally a covariant version of the Galilei group. We show that this Galilean gravity can be used to study the advance of perihelion of a planet, following in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-30 S. C. Ulhoa , F. C. Khanna , A. E. Santana

Ehlers' Frame Theory is a class of geometric theories parameterized by $\lambda := 1/c^2$ and identical to the General Theory of Relativity for $\lambda \neq 0$. The limit $\lambda \to 0$ does not recover Newtonian gravity, as one might…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-15 Federico Re , Oliver F. Piattella

We argue that the standard post-Newtonian expansion scheme used in General Relativity leaves room for time-space components $g_{ti}$ of the metric to be of the same order of the usual gravitational potential. We explore this possibility and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-27 Gabriele Bianchi , Federico Re , Oliver Fabio Piattella

Cartan's spacetime reformulation of the Newtonian theory of gravity is a generally-covariant Galilean-relativistic limit-form of Einstein's theory of gravity known as the Newton-Cartan theory. According to this theory, space is flat, time…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-09-09 Joy Christian

We review how the large $c$ expansion of General Relativity leads to an effective theory in the form of Twistless Torsional Newton-Cartan gravity. We show how this is a strong field expansion around the static sector of General Relativity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-03-27 Dieter Van den Bleeken

After a brief summary of the Newton-Cartan theory in a form which emphasizes its close analogy to general relativity, we illustrate the theory with selective applications in cosmology. The geometrical formulation of this nonrelativistic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Christian Rueede , Norbert Straumann

The theory obtained as a singular limit of General Relativity, if the reciprocal velocity of light is assumed to tend to zero, is known to be not exactly the Newton-Cartan theory, but a slight extension of this theory. It involves not only…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-06 G. Dautcourt

We review the history of Newton-Cartan gravity with an emphasis on recent developments, including the covariant, off-shell large speed of light expansion of general relativity. Depending on the matter content, this expansion either leads to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-03-17 Jelle Hartong , Niels A. Obers , Gerben Oling

We derive the covariant Poisson's equation of (d+1)-dimensional Newton-Cartan gravity with (twistless) torsion by applying the `non-relativistic conformal method' introduced in arXiv:1512.06277. We apply this method on-shell to a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-04-23 Mohammad Abedini , Hamid R. Afshar , Ahmad Ghodsi

It is well-known that the gravitational force can be obtained by gauging the Lorentz group, which puts gravity on the same footing as the Standard Model fields. The resulting theory - Einstein-Cartan gravity - has several crucial…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-06-16 Mikhail Shaposhnikov

In this work, we study two-dimensional Galilean field theories with global translations and anisotropic scaling symmetries. We show that such theories have enhanced local symmetries, generated by the infinite dimensional spin-l Galilean…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-04-08 Bin Chen , Peng-Xiang Hao , Zhe-fei Yu

There are well-known problems associated with the idea of (local) gravitational energy in general relativity. We offer a new perspective on those problems by comparison with Newtonian gravitation, and particularly geometrized Newtonian…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2018-04-18 Neil Dewar , James Owen Weatherall

We construct a notion of teleparallelization for Newton-Cartan theory, and show that the teleparallel equivalent of this theory is Newtonian gravity; furthermore, we show that this result is consistent with teleparallelization in general…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-08-29 James Read , Nicholas Teh

We obtain the complete theory of Newton-Cartan gravity in a curved spacetime by considering the large $c$ limit of the vielbein formulation of General Relativity. Milne boosts originate from local Lorentzian transformations, and the special…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-11-13 Marco Cariglia

This paper explores the application of Newton-Cartan geometry to the kinetic theory of gases that includes non-relativistic gravitational effects and the principle of general covariance. Starting with an introduction to the basics of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-11-11 Paweł Matus , Rajesh Biswas , Piotr Surówka , Francisco Peña-Benítez

We provide evidence that general relativity is the unique spatially covariant effective field theory of the transverse, traceless graviton degrees of freedom. The Lorentz covariance of general relativity, having not been assumed in our…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-15 Justin Khoury , Godfrey E. J. Miller , Andrew J. Tolley

Inflation in the framework of Einstein-Cartan theory is revisited. Einstein-Cartan theory is a natural extension of the General Relativity, with non-vanishing torsion. The connection on Riemann-Cartan spacetime is only compatible with the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-08-23 Ammar Kasem , Shaaban Khalil

We compare the gauging of the Bargmann algebra, for the case of arbitrary torsion, with the result that one obtains from a null-reduction of General Relativity. Whereas the two procedures lead to the same result for Newton-Cartan geometry…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-11-22 Eric Bergshoeff , Athanasios Chatzistavrakidis , Luca Romano , Jan Rosseel

We construct an effective field theory for quantum Hall states, guided by the requirements of nonrelativistic general coordinate invariance and regularity of the zero mass limit. We propose Newton-Cartan geometry as the most natural…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-03-06 Dam Thanh Son

A theorem due to Bob Geroch and Pong Soo Jang ["Motion of a Body in General Relativity." Journal of Mathematical Physics 16(1), (1975)] provides the sense in which the geodesic principle has the status of a theorem in General Relativity…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-03-17 James Owen Weatherall
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