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Issuing timely severe weather warnings helps mitigate potentially disastrous consequences. Recent advancements in Neural Weather Models (NWMs) offer a computationally inexpensive and fast approach for forecasting atmospheric environments on…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-08-22 Antoine Leclerc , Erwan Koch , Monika Feldmann , Daniele Nerini , Tom Beucler

This study presents a hybrid neural network model for short-term (1-6 hours ahead) surface wind speed forecasting, combining Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) with observational data from ground weather stations. It relies on the MeteoNet…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-11-21 Roberta Baggio , Killian Pujol , Florian Pantillon , Dominique Lambert , Jean-Baptiste Filippi , Jean-François Muzy

A bivariate ensemble model output statistics (EMOS) technique for the postprocessing of ensemble forecasts of two-dimensional wind vectors is proposed, where the postprocessed probabilistic forecast takes the form of a bivariate normal…

Applications · Statistics 2015-06-03 Nina Schuhen , Thordis L. Thorarinsdottir , Tilmann Gneiting

Statistical postprocessing is routinely applied to correct systematic errors of numerical weather prediction models (NWP) and to automatically produce calibrated local forecasts for end-users. Postprocessing is particularly relevant in…

An influential step in weather forecasting was the introduction of ensemble forecasts in operational use due to their capability to account for the uncertainties in the future state of the atmosphere. However, ensemble weather forecasts are…

Applications · Statistics 2023-05-25 Mária Lakatos , Sebastian Lerch , Stephan Hemri , Sándor Baran

The issue of the accuracy of wind speed/power forecasts is becoming more and more important as wind power production continues to increase year after year. Having accurate forecasts for the energy market clashes with intrinsic difficulties…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-06-23 Gabriele Casciaro , Francesco Ferrari , Mattia Cavaiola , Andrea Mazzino

In power system operation, characterizing the stochastic nature of wind power is an important albeit challenging issue. It is well known that distributions of wind power forecast errors often exhibit significant variability with respect to…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2017-12-05 Zhiwen Wang , Chen Shen , Feng Liu

Prediction of various weather quantities is mostly based on deterministic numerical weather forecasting models. Multiple runs of these models with different initial conditions result ensembles of forecasts which are applied for estimating…

Applications · Statistics 2014-04-09 Sándor Baran , Dóra Nemoda , András Horányi

Uncertainty analysis in the form of probabilistic forecasting can provide significant improvements in decision-making processes in the smart power grid for better integrating renewable energies such as wind. Whereas point forecasting…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-30 Kostas Hatalis , Shalinee Kishore , Katya Scheinberg , Alberto Lamadrid

Nowadays, weather prediction is based on numerical weather prediction (NWP) models to produce an ensemble of forecasts. Despite of large improvements over the last few decades, they still tend to exhibit systematic bias and dispersion…

Applications · Statistics 2024-02-02 David Jobst , Annette Möller , Jürgen Groß

In order to enable the transition towards renewable energy sources, probabilistic energy forecasting is of critical importance for incorporating volatile power sources such as solar energy into the electrical grid. Solar energy forecasting…

Applications · Statistics 2021-05-03 Benedikt Schulz , Mehrez El Ayari , Sebastian Lerch , Sándor Baran

Weather forecasts are typically given in the form of forecast ensembles obtained from multiple runs of numerical weather prediction models with varying initial conditions and physics parameterizations. Such ensemble predictions tend to be…

Applications · Statistics 2017-01-13 Sebastian Lerch , Sandor Baran

Ensemble model output statistics (EMOS) is a statistical tool for post-processing forecast ensembles of weather variables obtained from multiple runs of numerical weather prediction models in order to produce calibrated predictive…

Applications · Statistics 2016-03-31 Sándor Baran , Sebastian Lerch

All numerical weather prediction models used for the wind industry need to produce their forecasts starting from the main synoptic hours 00, 06, 12, and 18 UTC, once the analysis becomes available. The six-hour latency time between two…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-01-31 Gabriele Casciaro , Francesco Ferrari , Daniele Lagomarsino Oneto , Andrea Lira-Loarca , Andrea Mazzino

Forecasting the weather is an increasingly data intensive exercise. Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models are becoming more complex, with higher resolutions, and there are increasing numbers of different models in operation. While the…

Applications · Statistics 2021-03-17 Charlie Kirkwood , Theo Economou , Henry Odbert , Nicolas Pugeault

Accurate wind power forecasts depend on reliable wind speed forecasts. Numerical Weather Predictions (NWPs) utilize huge amounts of computing time, but still have rather low spatial and temporal resolution. However, stochastic wind speed…

Applications · Statistics 2015-09-10 Daniel Ambach , Carsten Croonenbroeck

Renewable energy sources provide a constantly increasing contribution to the total energy production worldwide. However, the power generation from these sources is highly variable due to their dependence on meteorological conditions.…

Applications · Statistics 2019-03-05 Thordis Thorarinsdottir , Anders Løland , Alex Lenkoski

Ensemble weather forecasts based on multiple runs of numerical weather prediction models typically show systematic errors and require post-processing to obtain reliable forecasts. Accurately modeling multivariate dependencies is crucial in…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-02-02 Jieyu Chen , Tim Janke , Florian Steinke , Sebastian Lerch

Weather prediction today is performed with numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. These are deterministic simulation models describing the dynamics of the atmosphere, and evolving the current conditions forward in time to obtain a…

Applications · Statistics 2020-03-18 Annette Möller , Jürgen Groß

To address the uncertainty in outputs of numerical weather prediction (NWP) models, ensembles of forecasts are used. To obtain such an ensemble of forecasts the NWP model is run multiple times, each time with different formulations and/or…

Applications · Statistics 2016-05-25 Annette Möller , Jürgen Groß