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Multi-agent reinforcement learning systems aim to provide interacting agents with the ability to collaboratively learn and adapt to the behaviour of other agents. In many real-world applications, the agents can only acquire a partial view…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Ozsel Kilinc , Giovanni Montana

Natural language has long enabled human cooperation, but its lossy, ambiguous, and indirect nature limits the potential of collective intelligence. While machines are not subject to these constraints, most LLM-based multi-agent systems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Yujia Zheng , Zhuokai Zhao , Zijian Li , Yaqi Xie , Mingze Gao , Lizhu Zhang , Kun Zhang

Designing an effective communication mechanism among agents in reinforcement learning has been a challenging task, especially for real-world applications. The number of agents can grow or an environment sometimes needs to interact with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Wei-Cheng Tseng , Wei Wei , Da-Cheng Juan , Min Sun

Multi-agent systems leverage advanced AI models as autonomous agents that interact, cooperate, or compete to complete complex tasks across applications such as robotics and traffic management. Despite their growing importance, safety in…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Falong Fan , Xi Li

Complex, real-world domains may not be fully modeled for an agent, especially if the agent has never operated in the domain before. The agent's ability to effectively plan and act in such a domain is influenced by its knowledge of when it…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Dustin Dannenhauer , Matthew Molineaux , Michael W. Floyd , Noah Reifsnyder , David W. Aha

AI systems have long been expected to interact with users, answering questions, generating content, and continuing (social) conversations. Agentic AI, however, breaks from this expectation, as its primary objective is workflow execution on…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Eunchae Jang , S. Shyam Sundar

Multi-agent systems (MAS) built on large language models promise improved problem-solving through collaboration, yet they often fail to consistently outperform strong single-agent baselines due to error propagation at inter-agent message…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Bohan Lin , Kuo Yang , Zelin Tan , Yingchuan Lai , Chen Zhang , Guibin Zhang , Xinlei Yu , Miao Yu , Xu Wang , Yudong Zhang , Yang Wang

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is a widely used Artificial Intelligence (AI) technique. However, current studies and applications need to address its scalability, non-stationarity, and trustworthiness. This paper aims to review…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Ziyuan Zhou , Guanjun Liu , Ying Tang

We consider the problem of multiple agents sensing and acting in environments with the goal of maximising their shared utility. In these environments, agents must learn communication protocols in order to share information that is needed to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-05-25 Jakob N. Foerster , Yannis M. Assael , Nando de Freitas , Shimon Whiteson

Large Language Model (LLM) Agents have recently garnered increasing interest yet they are limited in their ability to learn from trial and error, a key element of intelligent behavior. In this work, we argue that the capacity to learn new…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Haiteng Zhao , Chang Ma , Guoyin Wang , Jing Su , Lingpeng Kong , Jingjing Xu , Zhi-Hong Deng , Hongxia Yang

As large language models (LLMs) transition from static tools to fully agentic systems, their potential for transforming social science research has become increasingly evident. This paper introduces a structured framework for understanding…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jennifer Haase , Sebastian Pokutta

In this work we create agents that can perform well beyond a single, individual task, that exhibit much wider generalisation of behaviour to a massive, rich space of challenges. We define a universe of tasks within an environment domain and…

As Multi Agent Reinforcement Learning systems are used in safety critical applications. Understanding why agents make decisions and how they achieve collective behavior is crucial. Existing explainable AI methods struggle in multi agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Abraham Itzhak Weinberg

Multi-agent systems (MAS) need to adaptively cope with dynamic environments, changing agent populations, and diverse tasks. However, most of the multi-agent systems cannot easily handle them, due to the complexity of the state and task…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Qian Long , Fangwei Zhong , Mingdong Wu , Yizhou Wang , Song-Chun Zhu

We introduce RLang, a domain-specific language (DSL) for communicating domain knowledge to an RL agent. Unlike existing RL DSLs that ground to \textit{single} elements of a decision-making formalism (e.g., the reward function or policy),…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Rafael Rodriguez-Sanchez , Benjamin A. Spiegel , Jennifer Wang , Roma Patel , Stefanie Tellex , George Konidaris

While multi-agent interactions can be naturally modeled as a graph, the environment has traditionally been considered as a black box. We propose to create a shared agent-entity graph, where agents and environmental entities form vertices,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Akshat Agarwal , Sumit Kumar , Katia Sycara

Building a socially intelligent agent involves many challenges. One of which is to track the agent's mental state transition and teach the agent to make decisions guided by its value like a human. Towards this end, we propose to incorporate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-25 Liang Qiu , Yizhou Zhao , Yuan Liang , Pan Lu , Weiyan Shi , Zhou Yu , Song-Chun Zhu

We introduce the Deontic Action Model Logic (DAML), a dynamic modal framework for reasoning about obligations over actions in multi-agent systems. DAML extends the epistemic Action Model Logic by incorporating deontic evaluation mechanisms…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Giorgio Cignarale

Multi-agent coverage control is used as a mechanism to influence the behavior of a group of robots by introducing time-varying domain. The coverage optimization problem is modified to adopt time-varying domains, and the proposed control law…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-09-13 Xiaotian Xu , Yancy Diaz-Mercado

In this paper, we introduce a new framework for modelling the exchange of multiple arguments across agents in a social network. To date, most modelling work concerned with opinion dynamics, testimony, or communication across social networks…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Leon Assaad , Rafael Fuchs , Ammar Jalalimanesh , Kirsty Phillips , Klee Schöppl , Ulrike Hahn
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