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The wealth of observational data about Jupiter and Saturn provides strong constraints to guide our understanding of the formation of giant planets. The size of the core and the total amount of heavy elements in the envelope have been…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Yann Alibert , Olivier Mousis , Christoph Mordasini , Willy Benz

The statistics of extrasolar planetary systems indicate that the default mode of planet formation generates planets with orbital periods shorter than 100 days, and masses substantially exceeding that of the Earth. When viewed in this…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Konstantin Batygin , Gregory Laughlin

Context: Satellite dwarf galaxies provide key constraints on galaxy formation and evolution, since their abundance and spatial distribution reflect both the host properties and the large-scale environment. Aims: This study quantifies the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-21 Saeed Tavasoli , Parsa Ghafour

The subsurface oceans of icy satellites are among the most compelling among the potentially habitable environments in our Solar System. The question of whether a liquid subsurface layer can be maintained over geological timescales depends…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-26 Nickolas Oberg , Stephanie Cazaux , Inga Kamp , Tara-Marie Bründl , Wing-Fai Thi , Carmen Immerzeel

When gas giant protoplanets grow sufficiently massive, circumplanetary disks would form. While solid bodies captured by the circumplanetary disks likely contribute to the growth of the planets and regular satellites around them, some of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-29 Ryo Suetsugu , Keiji Ohtsuki

The formation of gas-giant planets within the lifetime of a protoplanetary disk is challenging especially far from a star. A promising model for the rapid formation of giant-planet cores is pebble accretion in which gas drag during…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-30 John Chambers

We use numerical simulations to model the migration of massive planets at small radii and compare the results with the known properties of 'hot Jupiters' (extrasolar planets with semi-major axes a < 0.1 AU). For planet masses Mp sin i > 0.5…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 W. K. M. Rice , P. J. Armitage , D. F. Hogg

Regular satellites in the solar system are thought to form within circumplanetary discs. We consider a model of a layered circumplanetary disc that consists of a nonturbulent midplane layer and and strongly turbulent disc surface layers.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Stephen H. Lubow , Rebecca G. Martin

In this paper we investigate the evolution of a pair of interacting planets - a Jupiter mass planet and a Super-Earth with the 5.5 Earth masses - orbiting a Solar type star and embedded in a gaseous protoplanetary disc. We focus on the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 E. Podlewska , E. Szuszkiewicz

Exoplanet observations have shown that the occurrence and orbital architectures of close-in super-Earths and sub-Neptunes are shaped by the presence of outer gas giant planets. This influence may emerge during the formation stage or from…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-04 Marcela Best , Antranik A. Sefilian , Carolina Charalambous , Kedron Silsbee , Cristobal Petrovich

Observationally, the fraction of blue satellite galaxies decreases steeply with host halo mass, and their radial distribution around central galaxies is significantly shallower in massive (M_* >10e11M_sun) than in Milky Way like systems.…

Several stars show deep transits consistent with discs of roughly 1 Solar radius seen at moderate inclinations, likely surrounding planets on eccentric orbits. We show that this configuration arises naturally as a result of planet-planet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-16 Alexander J. Mustill , Melvyn B. Davies , Matthew A. Kenworthy

In this paper, the dynamical analysis of the Jovian dust originating from the four Galilean moons is presented. High accuracy orbital integrations of dust particles are used to determine their dynamical evolution. A variety of forces are…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-02 Xiaodong Liu , Manuel Sachse , Frank Spahn , Jürgen Schmidt

With a series of numerical simulations, we analyze the thermo-hydrodynamical evolution of circumstellar disks containing Jupiter-size protoplanets. In the framework of the two-dimensional approximation, we consider an energy equation that…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-20 Gennaro D'Angelo , Thomas Henning , Willy Kley

We quantify the utility of large radial velocity surveys for constraining theoretical models of Type II migration and protoplanetary disk physics. We describe a theoretical model for the expected radial distribution of extrasolar planets…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 Philip J. Armitage

We investigate the formation of planetesimals via the gravitational instability of solids that have settled to the midplane of a circumstellar disk. Vertical shear between the gas and a subdisk of solids induces turbulent mixing which…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Andrew N. Youdin , Frank H. Shu

We investigate whether the regular Galilean satellites could have formed in the dead zone of a circumplanetary disc. A dead zone is a region of weak turbulence in which the magnetorotational instability (MRI) is suppressed, potentially an…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-11 Cheng Chen , Chao-Chin Yang , Rebecca G. Martin , Zhaohuan Zhu

The formation of a cold Jupiter (CJ) is expected to quench the influx of pebbles and the migration of cores interior to its orbit, thus limiting the efficiency of rocky planet formation either by pebble accretion and/or orbital migration.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-18 Marcy Best , Antranik A. Sefilian , Cristobal Petrovich

We analyze the angular distribution and the orbital rotation directions of a sample of carefully-selected satellite galaxies extracted from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We also study these statistics in an N-body simulation of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 M. Azzaro , A. R. Zentner , F. Prada , A. Klypin

Upcoming studies of extrasolar gas giants will give precise insights into the composition of planetary atmospheres with the ultimate goal to link it to the formation history of the planet. Here, we investigate how drifting and evaporating…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-13 Aaron David Schneider , Bertram Bitsch
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