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The formation of satellite systems in circum-planetary discs is considered to be similar to the formation of rocky planets in a proto-planetary disc, especially Super-Earths. Thus, it is possible to use systems with large satellites to test…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-07 Ricardo A Moraes , Wilhelm Kley , Ernesto Vieira Neto

A key feature of the Galilean satellite system is its monotonic decrease in bulk density with distance from Jupiter, indicating an ice mass fraction that is zero in the innermost moon Io, and about half in the outer moons Ganymede and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-01 Olivier Mousis , Antoine Schneeberger , Jonathan I. Lunine , Christopher R. Glein , Alexis Bouquet , Steven D. Vance

We present an overview of the formation of Jupiter and its associated circumplanetary disk. Jupiter forms via a combination of planetesimal accretion and gravitational accumulation of gas from the surrounding solar nebula. The formation of…

The satellites of Jupiter are thought to form in a circumplanetary disc. Here we address their formation and orbital evolution with a population synthesis approach, by varying the dust-to-gas ratio, the disc dispersal timescale and the dust…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-24 M. Cilibrasi , J. Szulágyi , L. Mayer , J. Drażkowska , Y. Miguel , P. Inderbitzi

It is generally accepted that the four major (Galilean) satellites formed out of the gas disk that accompanied Jupiter's formation. However, understanding the specifics of the formation process is challenging as both small particles…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 Yuhito Shibaike , Chris W. Ormel , Shigeru Ida , Satoshi Okuzumi , Takanori Sasaki

We investigated the formation and evolution of satellite systems in a cold, extended circumplanetary disc around a 10 $M_{\rm{Jupiter}}$ gas giant which was formed by gravitational instability at 50\,AU from its star. The disc parameters…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-21 C. Inderbitzi , J. Szulágyi , M. Cilibrasi , L. Mayer

We fit an isothermal oscillatory density model of Jupiter's protoplanetary disk to the present-day Galilean and other nearby satellites and we determine the radial scale length of the disk, the equation of state and the central density of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-05 D. M. Christodoulou , D. Kazanas

The Jovian regular satellite system mainly consists of four Galilean satellites that have similar masses and are trapped in mutual mean motion resonances except for the outer satellite, Callisto. On the other hand, the Saturnian regular…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Takanori Sasaki , Glen R. Stewart , Shigeru Ida

The four massive Galilean satellites are believed to have formed within a circumplanetary disk during the last stages of Jupiter's formation. While the existence of a circum-jovian disk is supported by hydrodynamic simulations, no consensus…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-04 Thomas Ronnet , Olivier Mousis , Pierre Vernazza , Jonathan I. Lunine , Aurélien Crida

Ganymede and the Galilean moons formed in a small gas disc around the gas-accreting proto-Jupiter, known as the circum-Jovian disc (CJD). The formation process of the satellites occurs in three steps: the formation of the CJD from the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-11 Yuhito Shibaike , Yann Alibert

Interior to the orbits of Jupiter's iconic Galilean moons are four small satellites with individual mean radii, $R\lesssim 84$ km. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that these bodies formed at a more distant location in Jupiter's…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-24 Ian R. Brunton , Konstantin Batygin

As the number of discovered extrasolar planets has been increasing, diversity of planetary systems requires studies of new formation scenarios. It is important to study satellite formation in circumplanetary disks, which is often viewed as…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Masahiro Ogihara , Shigeru Ida

The origins of the Galilean satellites - namely Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto - is not fully understood yet. Here we use N-body numerical simulations to study the formation of Galilean satellites in a gaseous circumplanetary disk…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-09 Gustavo Madeira , André Izidoro , Silvia M. Giuliatti Winter

The origin of the regular satellites ties directly to planetary formation in that the satellites form in gas and dust disks around the giant planets and may be viewed as mini-solar systems, involving a number of closely related underlying…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 Ignacio Mosqueira , Paul R. Estrada , Diego Turrini

Jupiter has four large regular satellites called the Galilean satellites: Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto. The inner three of the Galilean satellites orbit in a 4:2:1 mean motion resonance; therefore their orbital configuration may…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-09-18 Sota Arakawa , Yuhito Shibaike

We have developed an evolutionary turbulent model of the Jovian subnebula consistent with the extended core accretion formation models of Jupiter described by Alibert et al. (2005b) and derived from Alibert et al. (2004,2005a). This model…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Yann Alibert , Olivier Mousis , Willy Benz

An interesting feature of the giant planets of our solar system is the existence of regions around these objects where no irregular satellites are observed. Surveys have shown that, around Jupiter, such a region extends from the outermost…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 N. Haghighipour , D. Jewitt

The moons of giant planets are believed to form in situ in Circumplanetary Discs (CPDs). Here we present an N-body population synthesis framework for satellite formation around a Jupiter-like planet, in which the dust-to-gas ratio, the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-29 Marco Cilibrasi , Judit Szulágyi , Simon L. Grimm , Lucio Mayer

Recent analyses have shown that the concluding stages of giant planet formation are accompanied by the development of large-scale meridional flow of gas inside the planetary Hill sphere. This circulation feeds a circumplanetary disk that…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-27 Konstantin Batygin , Alessandro Morbidelli

The four major satellites of Jupiter, known as the Galilean moons, and Saturn's most massive satellite, Titan, are believed to have formed in a predominantly gaseous circum-planetary disk, during the last stages of formation of their parent…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-22 Thomas Ronnet , Anders Johansen
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