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Related papers: Equivalence Checking By Logic Relaxation

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This extended abstract introduces Self-Explaining Contrastive Evidence Re-Ranking (CER), a novel method that restructures retrieval around factual evidence by fine-tuning embeddings with contrastive learning and generating token-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Francielle Vargas , Daniel Pedronette

Model checking is a technique to automatically assess whether a model of the behaviour of a system meets its requirements. Evidence explaining why the behaviour does (not) meet its requirements is essential for the user to understand the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Anna Stramaglia , Jeroen J. A. Keiren , Maurice Laveaux , Tim A. C. Willemse

As LLMs are deployed in high-stakes settings, users must judge the correctness of individual responses, often relying on model-generated justifications such as reasoning chains or explanations. Yet, no standard measure exists for whether…

While Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in general domains, their reliability often falls short in scientific problem-solving. The advancement of scientific AI depends on large-scale, high-quality corpora. However, existing scientific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 You-Le Fang , Dong-Shan Jian , Xiang Li , Ce Meng , Ling-Shi Meng , Chen-Xu Yan , Zhi-Zhang Bian , Yan-Qing Ma

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) achieve strong performance by generating long reasoning traces with reflection. Through a large-scale empirical analysis, we find that a substantial fraction of reflective steps consist of self-verification…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Quanyu Long , Kai Jie Jiang , Jianda Chen , Xu Guo , Leilei Gan , Wenya Wang

Fault-tolerant quantum computers use decoders to monitor for errors and find a plausible correction. A decoder may provide a decoder confidence score (DCS) to gauge its success. We adopt a swim distance DCS, computed from the shortest path…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-19 Maria Dincă , Tim Chan , Simon C. Benjamin

Logic programming under the answer-set semantics nowadays deals with numerous different notions of program equivalence. This is due to the fact that equivalence for substitution (known as strong equivalence) and ordinary equivalence are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-12-07 Stefan Woltran

A safe and trustworthy use of Large Language Models (LLMs) requires an accurate expression of confidence in their answers. We propose a novel Reinforcement Learning approach that allows to directly fine-tune LLMs to express calibrated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 David Bani-Harouni , Chantal Pellegrini , Paul Stangel , Ege Özsoy , Kamilia Zaripova , Nassir Navab , Matthias Keicher

Text generation from semantic parses is to generate textual descriptions for formal representation inputs such as logic forms and SQL queries. This is challenging due to two reasons: (1) the complex and intensive inner logic with the data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Chang Shu , Yusen Zhang , Xiangyu Dong , Peng Shi , Tao Yu , Rui Zhang

Code provides a general syntactic structure to build complex programs and perform precise computations when paired with a code interpreter - we hypothesize that language models (LMs) can leverage code-writing to improve Chain of Thought…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Chengshu Li , Jacky Liang , Andy Zeng , Xinyun Chen , Karol Hausman , Dorsa Sadigh , Sergey Levine , Li Fei-Fei , Fei Xia , Brian Ichter

Probabilistic classifiers output confidence scores along with their predictions, and these confidence scores should be calibrated, i.e., they should reflect the reliability of the prediction. Confidence scores that minimize standard metrics…

Several application domains require formal but flexible approaches to the comparison problem. Different process models that cannot be related by behavioral equivalences should be compared via a quantitative notion of similarity, which is…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2010-06-29 Alessandro Aldini

Reaction Systems (RSs) are a successful computational framework inspired by biological systems. A RS pairs a set of entities with a set of reactions over them. Entities can be used to enable or inhibit each reaction, and are produced by…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Linda Brodo , Roberto Bruni , Moreno Falaschi

Answer-set programming (ASP) is a successful problem-solving approach in logic-based AI. In ASP, problems are represented as declarative logic programs, and solutions are identified through their answer sets. Equilibrium logic (EL) is a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Ezgi Iraz Su

Scaling test-time compute by iteratively updating a latent state has emerged as a powerful paradigm for reasoning. Yet the internal mechanisms that enable these iterative models to generalize beyond memorized patterns remain unclear. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Benhao Huang , Zhengyang Geng , Zico Kolter

Large language models (LLMs) achieve higher accuracy on challenging reasoning tasks by scaling test-time compute through multiple trajectory sampling. However, standard aggregation methods like majority voting or individual confidence-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Yingchuan Zhang , Terry Ma , Wenxuan Zhong , Ping Ma

Video reasoning has advanced with large multimodal models (LMMs), yet their inference is often a single pass that returns an answer without verifying whether the reasoning is evidence-aligned. We introduce Reinforce to Learn, Elect to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Songyuan Yang , Weijiang Yu , Jilin Ma , Ziyu Liu , Guijian Tang , Wenjing Yang , Huibin Tan , Nong Xiao

Logic reasoning in natural language has been recognized as an important measure of human intelligence for Large Language Models (LLMs). Popular benchmarks may entangle multiple reasoning skills and thus provide unfaithful evaluations on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Tsz Ting Chung , Lemao Liu , Mo Yu , Dit-Yan Yeung

Traditional state estimation (SE) methods that are based on nonlinear minimization of the sum of localized measurement error functionals are known to suffer from non-convergence and large residual errors. In this paper we propose an…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-01 Shimiao Li , Amritanshu Pandey , Soummya Kar , Larry Pileggi

The frequency and harmfulness of cyber-attacks are increasing every day, and with them also the amount of data that the cyber-forensics analysts need to collect and analyze. In this paper, we propose a formal analysis process that allows an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-17 Erisa Karafili , Matteo Cristani , Luca Viganò