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Quantum error correction (QEC) for generic errors is challenging due to the demanding threshold and resource requirements. Interestingly, when physical noise is biased, we can tailor our QEC schemes to the noise to improve performance. Here…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-30 Qian Xu , Nam Mannucci , Alireza Seif , Aleksander Kubica , Steven T. Flammia , Liang Jiang

Quantum error correction assisted by entanglement helps to transmit the encoded qudits through quantum channels with some of them being noiseless. Here we consider a more realistic scheme for experiments what we called as partial-noisy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-09-03 Zhuo Wang , Sixia Yu , Heng Fan , C. H. Oh

Quantum error correction (QEC) is believed to be essential for the realization of large-scale quantum computers. However, due to the complexity of operating on the encoded `logical' qubits, understanding the physical principles for building…

Color codes are a leading class of topological quantum error-correcting codes with modest error thresholds and structural compatibility with two-dimensional architectures, which make them well-suited for fault-tolerant quantum computing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-07 Nitish Kumar Chandra , David Tipper , Reza Nejabati , Eneet Kaur , Kaushik P. Seshadreesan

Quantum computers promise transformative speedups, but environmental noise destroys their fragile states. Conventional quantum error correction (QEC) encodes information redundantly across physical qubits, yet fails above a threshold of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-11 Hikaru Wakaura , Taiki Tanimae

We consider the problem of devising a suitable Quantum Error Correction (QEC) procedures for a generic quantum noise acting on a quantum circuit. In general, there is no analytic universal procedure to obtain the encoding and correction…

Most of the research done on quantum error correction studies an error model in which each qubit is affected by noise, independently of the other qubits. In this paper we study a different noise model -- one in which the noise may be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-09 Avraham Ben-Aroya , Amnon Ta-Shma

In the era of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices, the number of controllable hardware qubits is insufficient to implement quantum error correction (QEC). As an alternative, quantum error mitigation (QEM) can suppress errors in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-02 Yuchen Guo , Shuo Yang

Quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for realizing scalable quantum computation. However, when evaluating its benefits, most analyses assume idealized components, overlooking the imperfections inherent in realistic fault-tolerant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-26 Lorenzo Valentini , Diego Forlivesi , Marco Chiani

Quantum Error Correction (QEC) exploits redundancy by encoding logical information into multiple physical qubits. In current implementations of QEC, sequences of non-perfect two-qubit entangling gates are used to codify the information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-14 Andrea Rodriguez-Blanco , Farid Shahandeh , Alejandro Bermudez

Quantum error correction (QEC) is an essential tool for quantum computing that enables reliable information processing in the presence of noise. Syndrome measurements play a central role in QEC, making it possible to unambiguously identify…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-13 Debjyoti Biswas , Prabha Mandayam

We exhibit a simple, systematic procedure for detecting and correcting errors using any of the recently reported quantum error-correcting codes. The procedure is shown explicitly for a code in which one qubit is mapped into five. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 David P. DiVincenzo , Peter W. Shor

Error rates in current noisy quantum hardware are not static; they vary over time and across qubits. This temporal and spatial variation challenges the effectiveness of fixed-distance quantum error correction (QEC) codes. In this paper, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-12 Subrata Das , Swaroop Ghosh

We construct a detailed microscopic noise model for multi-qubit (MQ) gate operations in the context of trapped ion architecture with all-to-all connectivity. We find that phonon heating and motional dephasing are well captured by effective…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-28 Ori Grossman , Yotam Kadish , Snir Gazit , Amit Ben-Kish , Roee Ozeri , Yotam Shapira

The design and performance analysis of quantum error correction (QEC) codes are often based on incoherent and independent noise models since it is easy to simulate. However, these models fail to capture realistic hardware noise sources,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-16 Zeyuan Zhou , Andrew Ji , Yongshan Ding

Quantum error correction protects quantum information against environmental noise. When using qubits, a measure of quality of a code is the maximum number of errors that it is able to correct. We show that a suitable notion of ``number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Emanuel Knill , Raymond Laflamme , Lorenza Viola

Quantum computers are highly susceptible to errors due to unintended interactions with their environment. It is crucial to correct these errors without gaining information about the quantum state, which would result in its destruction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-22 Santiago Lopez , Jonathan Andrade Plascencia , Gabriel N. Perdue

Quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for realizing large-scale, fault-tolerant quantum computation, yet its practical implementation remains a major engineering challenge. In particular, QEC demands precise real-time control of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-18 Junyi Liu , Yi Lee , Yilun Xu , Gang Huang , Xiaodi Wu

An interesting concept in quantum computation is that of global control (GC), where there is no need to manipulate qubits individually. One can implement a universal set of quantum gates on a one-dimensional array purely via signals that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Adel Bririd , Simon C. Benjamin , Alastair Kay

Quantum computers have enabled solving problems beyond the current computers' capabilities. However, this requires handling noise arising from unwanted interactions in these systems. Several protocols have been proposed to address efficient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-14 Ali Shaib , Mohamad H. Naim , Mohammed E. Fouda , Rouwaida Kanj , Fadi Kurdahi