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Type-Ia supernova observations yield estimates of the luminosity distance, which includes not only the background luminosity distance, but also the fluctuation due to inhomogeneities in the Universe. In particular, the spatial correlation…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-11 Jaiyul Yoo

Our current description of the large-scale Universe is now known with a precision undreamt of a generation ago. Within the simple standard cosmological model only six basic parameters are required. The usual parameter set includes…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-03-30 Douglas Scott , Ali Narimani , Don N. Page

Fluctuations in the temperature of the cosmic microwave background have now been detected over a wide range of angular scales, and a consistent picture seems to be emerging. This article describes some of the implications for cosmology.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 Douglas Scott , Joe Silk , Martin White

Cosmic voids constitute promising cosmological laboratories. However, a full description of all the redshift-space effects that affect observational measurements is mandatory in order to obtain unbiased cosmological constraints. We make a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-30 Carlos M. Correa , Dante J. Paz

There is growing interest in using 3-dimensional neutral hydrogen mapping with the redshifted 21 cm line as a cosmological probe, as it has been argued to have a greater long-term potential than the cosmic microwave background. However, its…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Yi Mao , Max Tegmark , Matthew McQuinn , Matias Zaldarriaga , Oliver Zahn

The Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is an abundant source of cosmological information. However, this information is encoded in non-trivial ways in a signal that is difficult to observe. The resulting challenges in extracting this…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 Benjamin D. Wandelt

Constraints on cosmological parameters depend on the set of parameters chosen to define the model which is compared with observational data. I use the Akaike and Bayesian information criteria to carry out cosmological model selection, in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Andrew R. Liddle

From an observational perspective cosmology is today in excellent shape - advances in instrumentation and data processing have enabled us to study the universe in detail back to when the first galaxies formed, map the fluctuations in the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Subir Sarkar

Cosmological measurements of the 21-cm line of neutral hydrogen are poised to dramatically enhance our understanding of the early universe. In particular, both the epochs of reionization and cosmic dawn remain largely uncharted, and the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-13 Julian B. Muñoz , Francis-Yan Cyr-Racine

The discussion of cosmological parameters used to be a source of embarrassment to cosmologists. Today, measurements of the cosmological parameters are leading the way into the era of precision cosmology. The CMB temperature is measured to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Michael S. Turner

Rapid progress has been made recently toward the measurement of cosmological parameters. Still, there are areas remaining where future progress will be relatively slow and difficult, and where further attention is needed. In this review,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Wendy L. Freedman

A cosmological model with total density close to critical (and flat geometry), dominated by dark matter and dark energy of unknown nature, and consistent with the basic predictions of the inflationary scenario is a very good fit to a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Balbi

Exclusion zones in the cross-correlations between critical points (peak-void, peak-wall, filament-wall, filament-void) of the density field define quasi-standard rulers that can be used to constrain dark matter and dark energy cosmological…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-19 Junsup Shim , Christophe Pichon , Dmitri Pogosyan , Stephen Appleby , Corentin Cadiou , Juhan Kim , Katarina Kraljic , Changbom Park

We study how well perturbative forward modeling can constrain cosmological parameters compared to conventional analyses. We exploit the fact that in perturbation theory the field-level posterior can be computed analytically in the limit of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-31 Giovanni Cabass , Marko Simonović , Matias Zaldarriaga

We discuss the constraints one can place on cosmological parameters using current cosmic microwave background data. A standard $\chi^2$--minimization over band--power estimates is first presented, followed by a discussion of the more…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. G. Bartlett , A. Blanchard , M. Douspis , M. Le Dour

Cosmological probes pose an inverse problem where the measurement result is obtained through observations, and the objective is to infer values of model parameters which characterize the underlying physical system -- our Universe. Modern…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-21 Timur Takhtaganov , Zarija Lukic , Juliane Mueller , Dmitriy Morozov

The recent high-quality measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropies have presented cosmologists with the possibility of studying the large scale properties of our universe with unprecedented precision. Here I review the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Alessandro Melchiorri

A number of radio interferometers are currently being planned or constructed to observe 21 cm emission from reionization. Not only will such measurements provide a detailed view of that epoch, but, since the 21 cm emission also traces the…

The advent of increasingly advanced surveys and cosmic tracers has motivated the development of new inference techniques and novel approaches to extracting information from cosmic fields. A central challenge in this endeavor is to quantify…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-13 Ce Sui , Yi Mao , Xiaosheng Zhao , Tao Jing , Benjamin D. Wandelt

The study of cosmic expansion history and the late time cosmic acceleration from observational data depends on the nuisance parameters associated with the data. For example, the absolute peak magnitude of type Ia supernova associated with…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-19 Bikash R. Dinda