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We consider the possibility that along the thermal history of the Universe, dark matter (DM) would have been created from Standard Model particles, either through a kinetic mixing portal to an extra U(1) gauge field, or through the Higgs…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-03 Xiaoyong Chu , Thomas Hambye , Michel H. G. Tytgat

The freeze-out of dark matter (DM) depends on the evolution of the DM temperature. The DM temperature does not have to follow the standard model one, when the elastic scattering is not sufficient to maintain the kinetic equilibrium. We…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-04-04 Ayuki Kamada , Hee Jung Kim , Hyungjin Kim , Toyokazu Sekiguchi

We study a new mechanism for the production of dark matter in the universe which does not rely on thermal equilibrium. Dark matter is populated from the thermal bath subsequent to inflationary reheating via a massive mediator whose mass is…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2013-06-19 Yann Mambrini , Keith A. Olive , Jeremie Quevillon , Bryan Zaldivar

We investigate the influence of the reheating temperature of the visible sector on the freeze-in dark matter (DM) benchmark model for direct detection experiments, where DM production is mediated by an ultralight dark photon. Here we…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-09-30 Kimberly K. Boddy , Katherine Freese , Gabriele Montefalcone , Barmak Shams Es Haghi

Thermal freeze-out is a prominent example of dark matter (DM) production mechanism in the early Universe that can yield the correct relic density of stable weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs). At the other end of the mass scale,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-08-05 Sebastian Trojanowski , Philippe Brax , Carsten van de Bruck

We revisit the singlet scalar dark matter model in the presence of a non-standard cosmological history prior to radiation domination. We focus on the regime in which the relic abundance is set by 4-to-2 self-annihilations while the dark and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-09 Geneviève Bélanger , Nicolás Bernal , Alexander Pukhov

The discovery of nongravitational interactions between dark matter and the Standard Model would be an important step in unraveling the nature of dark matter. If such an interaction exists, it would have profound implications on how dark…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-07-11 Hongwan Liu

If the dark matter is produced in the early universe prior to Big Bang nucleosynthesis, a modified cosmological history can drastically affect the abundance of relic dark matter particles. Here, we assume that an additional species to…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-02-26 Francesco D'Eramo , Nicolas Fernandez , Stefano Profumo

Dark matter (DM) that interacts too weakly with the Standard Model (SM) to reach full thermodynamic equilibrium can be still be created in significant amounts by rare SM collisions. This mechanism, called freeze-in, can proceed through a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-11-26 Lindsay Forestell , David E. Morrissey

Dark matter may be coupled to dark radiation: light degrees of freedom that mediate forces between dark sector particles. Cosmological constraints favor dark radiation that is colder than Standard Model radiation. In models with fixed…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-10-12 Matthew Reece , Thomas Roxlo

We consider a model of dark matter where the mediator corresponds to a superposition of a scalar and pseudoscalar, and the scenario where, after reheating, the number densities of the dark sector particles, i.e. the dark matter and the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-11-19 Geneviève Bélanger , Aoife Bharucha , Sreemanti Chakraborti , Rashidul Islam , Sophie Mutzel

The existence of Dark Matter (DM) has been well established from various cosmological and astrophysical evidences. However, the particle properties of DM are largely undetermined and attempts to probe its interactions with the Standard…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-12-26 Nicolás Bernal , Arindam Chatterjee , Arnab Paul

The regime of dark matter (DM) freeze-in at stronger coupling interpolates between freeze-in and freeze-out. It relies on Boltzmann-suppressed dark matter production, implying that the Standard Model bath temperature never exceeds the dark…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-04-09 Niko Koivunen , Oleg Lebedev , Martti Raidal

Thermal relic dark matter has been severely constrained in recent years by direct and indirect dark matter searches, as well as multi-messenger probes of dark sectors. At the current level of experimental precision, it has become difficult…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-05-20 Wan-Zhe Feng , Zi-Hui Zhang

We propose a novel mechanism for the cosmological production of keV - GeV mass dark matter that interacts with the Standard Model through a small effective magnetic dipole moment. Such an interaction can be radiatively generated if dark…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-12-10 Asher Berlin , Jae Hyeok Chang , Tanner Trickle

We examine the non-thermal production of dark matter in a scalar extended singlet doublet fermion model where the lightest admixture of the fermions constitutes a suitable dark matter candidate. The dark sector is non-minimal with the MeV…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-10-10 Purusottam Ghosh , Partha Konar , Abhijit Kumar Saha , Sudipta Show

We describe the evolution of Dark Matter (DM) abundance from the very onset of its creation from inflaton decay under the assumption of an instantaneous reheating. Based on the initial conditions such as the inflaton mass and its decay…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-05-12 P. S. Bhupal Dev , Anupam Mazumdar , Saleh Qutub

We consider dark matter (DM) with very weak couplings to the standard model (SM), such that its self-annihilation cross section is much smaller than the canonical one, $\langle\sigma v\rangle_{\chi\chi} \ll…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-04-18 Mathias Garny , Jan Heisig , Marco Hufnagel , Benedikt Lülf , Stefan Vogl

We consider the possibility that thermalized dark-matter particles acquire their mass thanks to the spontaneous breaking of a symmetry below some critical temperature. We describe the regime where a freeze out mechanism takes place shortly…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-03-30 Hervé Partouche

In this paper, we construct a viable model for a GeV scale self-interacting dark matter (DM), where the DM was thermally produced in the early universe. Here, a new vector-like fermion with a dark charge under the $U(1)_{D}$ gauge symmetry…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-04-24 Shu-Yu Ho , Pyungwon Ko , Dibyendu Nanda