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Recent frontier-level LLMs have saturated many previously difficult benchmarks, leaving little room for further differentiation. This progress highlights the need for challenging benchmarks that provide objective verification. In this…
Large size detectors based on Cs2LiYCl6:Ce (CLYC) are capable of performing a combined $\gamma$-ray and neutron spectrometry and constitute a promising technology for a wide range of applications in nuclear and high energy physics. Due to…
The wavelength calibration of spectrographs is an essential but challenging task in many disciplines. Calibration is traditionally accomplished by imaging the spectrum of a light source containing features that are known to appear at…
In real world, large language models (LLMs) can serve as the assistant to help users accomplish their jobs, and also support the development of advanced applications. For the wide application of LLMs, the inference efficiency is an…
Quantum computing promises remarkable approaches for processing information, but new tools are needed to compile program representations into the physical instructions required by a quantum computer. Here we present a novel adaptation of…
Multilingual pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) are incredibly effective at Question Answering (QA), a core task in Natural Language Understanding, achieving high accuracies on several multilingual benchmarks. However, little is known…
As the landscape of devices that interact with the electrical grid expands, also the complexity of the scenarios that arise from these interactions increases. Validation methods and tools are typically domain specific and are designed to…
We describe another detectora designed for the International Linear Collider based on several tested instrumentation innovations in order to achieve the necessary experi- mental goal of a detecter that is 2-to-10 times better than the…
This paper presents a new technique for evaluating the consistency of the reference impedance in multiline thru-reflect-line (TRL) calibration. During the calibration process, it is assumed that all transmission line standards have the same…
Impedance measurements provide a useful probe of the physics of bolometers and calorimeters. We describe a method for measuring the complex impedance of these devices. In previous work, stray impedances and readout electronics of the…
We present a high sensitivity method allowing the measurement of the non linear dielectric susceptibility of an insulating material at finite frequency. It has been developped for the study of dynamic heterogeneities in supercooled liquids…
Accurate and reliable probability predictions are essential for multi-class supervised learning tasks, where well-calibrated models enable rational decision-making. While isotonic regression has proven effective for binary calibration, its…
Accurate sensor calibration is a prerequisite for multi-sensor perception and localization systems for autonomous vehicles. The intrinsic parameter calibration of the sensor is to obtain the mapping relationship inside the sensor, and the…
Context. The QUBIC collaboration is building a bolometric interferometer dedicated to the detection of B-mode polarization fluctuations in the Cosmic Microwave Background. Aims. We introduce a self-calibration procedure related to those…
This paper presents a detailed analysis of uncertainty matrices (i.e. measurement covariance matrices) associated with multiple complex-valued microwave scattering S-parameter measurements. The analysis is based on forming combinations of…
LumiCal will be the luminosity calorimeter for the proposed International Large Detector of the International Linear Collider (ILC). The ILC physics program requires the integrated luminosity to be measured with a relative precision on the…
A comprehensive study, supported by systematic measurements and numerical computations, of the intrinsic limits of multi-GEM detectors when exposed to very high particle fluxes or operated at very large gains is presented. The observed…
In-circuit impedance measurement provides useful information for many EMC applications. The inductive coupling approach is a promising in-circuit impedance measurement method due to its non-contact characteristics and simple on-site…
We present a multi-purpose toolkit for digital processing, acquisition and feedback control designed for physics labs. The kit provides in a compact device the functionalities of several instruments: function generator, oscilloscope,…
Sensors in high-precision mechatronic systems require accurate calibration, which is achieved using test beds that, in turn, require even more accurate calibration. The aim of this paper is to develop a cascaded calibration method for…