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Over the past few decades, experimental tests of Bell-type inequalities have been at the forefront of understanding quantum mechanics and its implications. These strong bounds on specific measurements on a physical system originate from…

Certification of quantum nonlocality plays a central role in practical applications like device-independent quantum cryptography and random number generation protocols. These applications entail the challenging problem of certifying quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-21 S. Gómez , D. Uzcategui , I. Machuca , E. S. Gómez , S. P. Walborn , G. Lima , D. Goyeneche

In the present paper it is demonstrated that Bell's expression for local hidden variable correlation allows one to derive the quantum correlation. This raises questions about the use of Bell inequalities in experiments. In the paper a CHSH…

General Physics · Physics 2010-11-15 J. F Geurdes

According to recent reports, the last loopholes in testing Bell's inequality are closed. It is argued that the really important task in this field has not been tackled yet and that the leading experiments claiming to close locality and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 L. Vaidman

We present a method to certify the presence of Bell correlations in experimentally observed statistics, and to obtain new Bell inequalities. Our approach is based on relaxing the conditions defining the set of correlations obeying a local…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-11 Matteo Fadel , Jordi Tura

Bell inequalities play a central role in certifying quantum correlations and underpin protocols such as device-independent quantum key distribution. However, enumerating all Bell inequalities for a given scenario remains intractable beyond…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-28 Christian Staufenbiel

The activation of Bell nonlocality is a protocol that enables the violation of a Bell inequality from a system that initially did not allow for any such violation because the state of the system was Bell-local. This activation of hidden…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-10 Jonathan Steinberg , H. Chau Nguyen , Matthias Kleinmann

Local realistic models cannot completely describe all predictions of quantum mechanics. This is known as Bell's theorem that can be revealed either by violations of Bell inequality, or all-versus-nothing proof of nonlocality. Hardy's…

In this paper, we highlight how any Bell inequality for a configuration involving $n$ parties each performing one of $m$ binary-outcome measurements has a canonical form that is no-signalling-projection invariant. Specifically, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-11 Soumyadip Patra , Jitendra Prakash , Aaditya Paudel , Peter Bierhorst

A classical model is presented for the features of parametric down-conversion and homodyne detection relevant to recent proposed ``loophole-free'' Bell tests. The Bell tests themselves are uncontroversial: there are no obvious loopholes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Caroline H Thompson

For any finite number of parts, measurements and outcomes in a Bell scenario we estimate the probability of random $N$-qu$d$it pure states to substantially violate any Bell inequality with uniformly bounded coefficients. We prove that under…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-27 Cristhiano Duarte , Raphael C. Drumond , Roberto I. Oliveira

John Bell showed that a big class of local hidden-variable models stands in conflict with quantum mechanics and experiment. Recently, there were suggestions that empirical adequate hidden-variable models might exist, which presuppose a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Gerd Grasshoff , Samuel Portmann , Adrian Wuethrich

In quantum information, lifting is a systematic procedure that can be used to derive---when provided with a seed Bell inequality---other Bell inequalities applicable in more complicated Bell scenarios. It is known that the procedure of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-13 C. Jebarathinam , Jui-Chen Hung , Shin-Liang Chen , Yeong-Cherng Liang

When conducting large scale inference, such as genome-wide association studies or image analysis, nominal $p$-values are often adjusted to improve control over the family-wise error rate (FWER). When the majority of tests are null,…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-07-20 Sarah Fletcher Mercaldo , Jeffrey D. Blume

Bell's inequality was originally derived under the assumption that experimenters are free to select detector settings independently of any local "hidden variables" that might affect the outcomes of measurements on entangled particles. This…

The Bell-Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (BCHSH) inequality, which is proven in the context of the local hidden variable theory, has been used as a test to reveal failure of the hidden variable theory and to prove validity of the quantum theory.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-10-27 Tomohiro Isobe , Shogo Tanimura

Increased availability of data and accessibility of computational tools in recent years have created unprecedented opportunities for scientific research driven by statistical analysis. Inherent limitations of statistics impose constrains on…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2016-09-13 Olga A. Vsevolozhskaya , Gabriel Ruiz , Dmitri V. Zaykin

Bell inequalities are mathematical constructs that demarcate the boundary between quantum and classical physics. A new class of multiplicative Bell inequalities originating from a volume maximization game (based on products of correlators…

Different variants of a Bell inequality, such as CHSH and CH, are known to be equivalent when evaluated on nonsignaling outcome probability distributions. However, in experimental setups, the outcome probability distributions are estimated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-15 Marc-Olivier Renou , Denis Rosset , Anthony Martin , Nicolas Gisin

There are bipartite quantum nonlocal correlations requiring very low detection efficiency to reach the loophole-free regime but that need too many measurement settings to be practical for actual experiments. This leads to the general…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-09 Jaskaran Singh , Adán Cabello