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The physics of solar flares occurring on the Sun is highly complex and far from fully understood. However, observations show that solar eruptions are associated with the intense kilogauss fields of active regions, where free energies are…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-26 Bach Viet Do , Yang Chen , XuanLong Nguyen , Ward Manchester

We investigate accelerated electron energy spectra for different sources in a large flare using simultaneous observations obtained with two instruments, the Nobeyama Radio Heliograph (NoRH) at 17 and 34 GHz, and the Reuven Ramaty High…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 M. R. Kundu , V. V. Grechnev , S. M. White , E. J. Schmahl , N. S. Meshalkina , L. K. Kashapova

The Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectrocopy Imager (RHESSI) $\gamma$-ray observations of the extraordinary GOES X25 flare SOL2003-10-28T11:10 are revisited to investigate previously reported conclusions that flare-accelerated electrons…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-05 Andrea Francesco Battaglia , Säm Krucker

Soft X-ray spectra 3.33 A - 6.15 A from the RESIK instrument on CORONAS-F constitute a unique database for the study of the physical conditions of solar flare plasmas, enabling the calculation of differential emission measures. The two…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-14 A. Kepa , R. Falewicz , M. Siarkowski , M. Pietras

X-radiation from energetic electrons is the prime diagnostic of flare-accelerated electrons. The observed X-ray flux (and polarization state) is fundamentally a convolution of the cross-section for the hard X-ray emission process(es) in…

Finite thermal velocity modifications to electron slowing-down rates may be important for the deduction of solar flare total electron energy. Here we treat both slowing-down and velocity diffusion of electrons in the corona at flare…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Ross K. Galloway , Alexander L. MacKinnon , Eduard P. Kontar , Per Helander

We use RHESSI high-resolution imaging and spectroscopy observations from ~5 to 100 keV to characterize the hot thermal plasma during the 2002 July 23 X4.8 flare. These measurements of the steeply falling thermal X-ray continuum are well fit…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-17 A. Caspi , R. P. Lin

We study the nature of energy release and transfer for two sub-A class solar microflares observed during the second flight of the Focusing Optics X-ray Solar Imager (FOXSI-2) sounding rocket experiment on 2014 December 11. FOXSI is the…

We report multi-wavelength observations of four solar flares on 2014 July 07. We firstly select these flares according to the soft X-ray (SXR) and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) emissions recorded by the Extreme Ultraviolet Variability…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-05 Dong Li , Alexander Warmuth , Lei Lu , Zongjun Ning

Understanding the initiation of solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) is essential for improving forecasts of extreme space weather. Soft X-ray (SXR) and Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) observations provide critical diagnostics of the…

Solar variability investigations that include magnetic energy coupling are paramount to solving many key solar/stellar physics problems, particularly for understanding the temporal variability of magnetic energy redistribution and heating…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-28 N. Brice Orange , David L. Chesny , Bruce Gendre , David C. Morris , Hakeem M. Oluseyi

Hard X-rays and gamma-rays are the most direct signatures of energetic electrons and ions in the sun's atmosphere which is optically thin at these energies and their radiation involves no coherent processes. Being collisional they are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 J. C. Brown , E. P. Kontar , A. M. Veronig

Previous studies have shown that the energy release mechanism of some solar flares follow the Standard magnetic-reconnection model, but the detailed properties of high-energy electrons produced in the flare are still not well understood. We…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-07-15 Natsuha Kuroda , Haimin Wang , Dale E. Gary

The reconstruction of the differential emission measure (DEM) from observations of spectral line intensities provides information on the temperature distribution of the emission measure in the region observed. The inversion process is known…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-18 Kenneth P. Dere

The aim of this paper is to validate a methodology for connecting the emission measure of individual solar coronal loops to the integrated emission measure of the entire solar corona, and using this connection to deduce the energetic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 G. Peres , S. Orlando , F. Reale , R. Rosner

Solar flares and the often associated solar eruptive events serve as an outstanding laboratory to study the magnetic reconnection and the associated energy release and conversion processes under plasma conditions difficult to reproduce in…

We present observations of electron energization in magnetic reconnection outflows during the pre-impulsive phase of solar flare SOL2012-07-19T05:58. During a time-interval of about 20 minutes, starting 40 minutes before the onset of the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-06 Marina Battaglia , Eduard P. Kontar , Galina Motorina

We present direct evidence for the detection of the main energy release site in a non-eruptive solar flare, SOL2013-11-09T06:38UT. This GOES C2.7 event was characterised by two flaring ribbons and a compact, bright coronal source located…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-06 Paulo J. A. Simões , David R. Graham , Lyndsay Fletcher

We perform plasma diagnostics, including that of the non-Maxwellian $\kappa$-distributions, in several structures observed in the solar corona by the Extreme-Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) onboard the Hinode spacecraft. To prevent…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-20 Juraj Lörinčík , Jaroslav Dudík , Giulio del Zanna , Elena Dzifčáková , Helen E. Mason

Simultaneous observations of explosive chromospheric evaporation are presented using data from the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) and the Coronal Diagnostic Spectrometer (CDS) onboard SOHO. For the first time,…