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A method for estimating the relative content of crystalline phases of a multiphase sample, based on probabilistic analysis of the intensities of the diffraction pattern reflexes, has been developed. The method is based on the introduction…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-11-21 S. V. Gabielkov , I. V. Zhyganiuk , A. D. Skorbun

High precision polarization measurements open new opportunities for the study of the magnetic field structure as traced by polarimetric measurements of the interstellar dust emission. Polarization parameters suffer from bias in the presence…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-03-15 D. Alina , L. Montier , I. Ristorcelli , J. -P. Bernard , F. Levrier , E. Abdikamalov

This publication presents a novel interferometric method for the simultaneous spatially resolved analysis of an object under test regarding the phase transmission function and the magnitude and orientation of dichroism. Analogous to the…

Optics · Physics 2018-12-12 Sergej Rothau , Xiao Rao , Norbert Lindlein

Wide-field imaging Mueller polarimetry is a revolutionary, label-free, and non-invasive modality for computer-aided intervention: in neurosurgery it aims to provide visual feedback of white matter fibre bundle orientation from derived…

Accurate characterization of polarization dependent light matter interactions in nanostructured systems is paramount for the development of chiral metasurfaces. It is also often challenging, because multiple anisotropic mechanisms, such as…

Optics · Physics 2026-04-27 Jeeban Kumar Nayak , Ebru Buhara , Olivier J. F. Martin

We present a Bayesian algorithm to combine optical imaging of unresolved objects from distinct epochs and observation platforms for orbit determination and tracking. By propagating the non-Gaussian uncertainties we are able to optimally…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-09-26 Michael D. Schneider , William A. Dawson

We present a novel Bayesian model and a corresponding robust, probabilistic calibration procedure for the CORSAIR polarimeter that can be applied to other polarimeters. Our calibration procedure combines existing Mueller matrix…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-28 Alan Hsu , Jenna Samra , Steven Tomczyk , Maxim Kramar

Cosmological experiments often employ Bayesian workflows to derive constraints on cosmological and astrophysical parameters from their data. It has been shown that these constraints can be combined across different probes such as Planck and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-28 Harry Bevins , Will Handley , Pablo Lemos , Peter Sims , Eloy de Lera Acedo , Anastasia Fialkov

Estimating boundary curves has many applications such as economics, climate science, and medicine. Bayesian trend filtering has been developed as one of locally adaptive smoothing methods to estimate the non-stationary trend of data. This…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-11-13 Takahiro Onizuka , Fumiya Iwashige , Shintaro Hashimoto

Conoscopic interferometry is a promising detection technique for ultrafast acoustics. By focusing a probe beam through a birefringent crystal before passing it through a polarizer, conoscopic interferences sculpt the spatial profile of the…

Applied Physics · Physics 2022-11-08 Martin Robin , Ruben Guis , Mustafa Umit Arabul , Zili Zhou , Nitesh Pandey , Gerard J. Verbiest

A classic application of coronal seismology uses transverse oscillations of waveguides to obtain estimates of the magnetic field strength. The procedure requires information on the density of the structures. Often, it ignores the damping of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-08 I. Arregui , M. Montes-Solis , A. Asensio Ramos

We study a nonparametric Bayesian approach to linear inverse problems under discrete observations. We use the discrete Fourier transform to convert our model into a truncated Gaussian sequence model, that is closely related to the classical…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-10-31 Shota Gugushvili , Aad van der Vaart , Dong Yan

Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrum imaging yields compositional information with a spatial resolution down to the atomic level. However, experimental limitations often produce extremely sparse and noisy EDX spectra. Under such…

We apply a linear Bayesian model to seismic tomography, a high-dimensional inverse problem in geophysics. The objective is to estimate the three-dimensional structure of the earth's interior from data measured at its surface. Since this…

Applications · Statistics 2013-12-11 Ran Zhang , Claudia Czado , Karin Sigloch

AMORPH utilizes a new Bayesian statistical approach to interpreting X-ray diffraction results of samples with both crystalline and amorphous components. AMORPH fits X-ray diffraction patterns with a mixture of narrow and wide components,…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2018-08-15 Michael C. Rowe , Brendon J. Brewer

Computing polarised intensities from noisy data in Stokes U and Q suffers from a positive bias that should be suppressed. To develop a correction method that, when applied to maps, should provide a distribution of polarised intensity that…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-05 Peter Müller , Rainer Beck , Marita Krause

Magnetic nanoparticles offer a unique potential for various biomedical applications, but prior to commercial usage a standardized characterization of their structural and magnetic properties is required. For a thorough characterization, the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-08-18 Mathias Bersweiler , Helena Gavilan Rubio , Dirk Honecker , Andreas Michels , Philipp Bender

Variational Bayesian Inference is a popular methodology for approximating posterior distributions over Bayesian neural network weights. Recent work developing this class of methods has explored ever richer parameterizations of the…

Polarizing filters provide a powerful way to separate diffuse and specular reflection; however, traditional methods rely on several captures and require proper alignment of the filters. Recently, camera manufacturers have proposed to embed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-08 Laurent Valentin Jospin , Gilles Baechler , Adam Scholefield

Sensor noise sources cause differences in the signal recorded across pixels in a single image and across multiple images. This paper presents a Bayesian approach to decomposing and characterizing the sensor noise sources involved in imaging…