Related papers: Forbidden integer ratios of consecutive power sums

Let $k$ be an integer which is the difference between prime numbers infinitely often. It is known that there are infinitely many such $k$ and, in this paper, we give a new unconditional proof that these $k$ have positive density and improve…

We investigate the Waring-Goldbach problem of representing a positive integer $n$ as the sum of $s$ $k$th powers of almost equal prime numbers. Define $s_k=2k(k-1)$ when $k\ge 3$, and put $s_2=6$. In addition, put $\theta_2=\frac{19}{24}$,…

Let $M$ be a fixed positive integer. Let $(R_{j}(n))_{n\ge 1}$ be a linear recurrence sequence for every $j=0,1,\ldots, M$, and we set $f(n)=(R_0\circ \cdots \circ R_M)(n)$, where $(S\circ T)(n)= S(T(n))$. In this paper, we obtain…

This work brings techniques from the theory of recurrent integer sequences to the problem of balancedness of symmetric Boolean functions. In particular, the periodicity modulo $p$ ($p$ odd prime) of exponential sums of symmetric Boolean…

Suppose a positive integer $n$ is written as a sum of squares of $m$ integers. What can one say about the value $T$ of the sum of these $m$ integers itself? Which $T$ can be obtained if one considers all possible representations of $n$ as a…

The problem of finding provably maximal sets of mutually unbiased bases in $\mathbb{C}^d$, for composite dimensions $d$ which are not prime powers, remains completely open. In the first interesting case, $d=6$, Zauner predicted that there…

We prove that, if $m,n\geqslant 1$ and $a_1,\ldots,a_m$ are nonnegative integers, then \begin{align*} \frac{[a_1+\cdots+a_m+1]!}{[a_1]!\ldots[a_m]!}\sum^{n-1}_{h=0}q^h\prod_{i=1}^m{h\brack a_i} \equiv 0\pmod{[n]}, \end{align*} where…

A permutation of the positive integers avoiding monotone arithmetic progressions of length $4$ with odd common difference was constructed in (LeSaulnier and Vijay, 2011). We generalise this result and show that for each $k\geq 1$, there…

Let $\mathcal S$ be a multiset of integers. We say $\mathcal S$ is a $\textit{zero-sum sequence}$ if the sum of its elements is 0. We study zero-sum sequences whose elements lie in the interval $[-k,k]$ such that no subsequence of length…

In this paper we show that every set $A \subset \mathbb{N}$ with positive density contains $B+C$ for some pair $B,C$ of infinite subsets of $\mathbb{N}$, settling a conjecture of Erd\H{o}s. The proof features two different decompositions of…

If A is a set of nonnegative integers containing 0, then there is a unique nonempty set B of nonnegative integers such that every positive integer can be written in the form a+b, where a\in A and b\in B, in an even number of ways. We…

We show that there exists a bounded pattern of m consecutive primes for any m>0, that means a tuple H_m of m distinct non-negative integers h_i (i=1,2,...m) such that its translations contain arbitrarily long (finite) arithmetic…

If p is a prime and n a positive integer, let v(n) denote the exponent of p in n, and u(n)=n/p^{v(n)} the unit part of n. If k is a positive integer not divisible by p, we show that the p-adic limit of (-1)^{pke} u((kp^e)!) as e goes to…

Let $I_k = [(2k-1)^2, (2k+1)^2)$ for $k \geq 1$. Starting from the odd-composite matrix $(b_{ij})$ with $b_{ij} = (2i-1)(2j-1)$, introduced by the author in [1], we define for each odd integer $n$ the \emph{matrix multiplicity} $r(n)$, the…

Suppose l=2m+1, m>0. We introduce m "theta-series", [1],...,[m], in Z/2[[x]]. It has been conjectured that the n for which the coefficient of x^n in 1/[i] is 1 form a set of density 0. This is probably always false, but in certain cases,…

Let \(d_k(p)\) denote the natural density of positive integers whose \(k\)-th smallest prime divisor is \(p\). Erd\H{o}s asked whether, for each fixed \(k\), the sequence \(p\mapsto d_k(p)\) is unimodal as \(p\) ranges over the primes.…

We study the Diophantine equation $a^k + b^k = c^k + d^k$ with integer variables and exponent $k>1$, under the linear constraint $(c+d) - (a+b) = h$. We analyze the geometry and arithmetic of these linear slices. On the central slice $h=0$,…

We refine a recent result of Parsell on the values of the form $\lambda_1p_1 + \lambda_2p_2 + \mu_1 2^{m_1} + ...m + \mu_s 2^{m_s}, $ where $p_1,p_2$ are prime numbers, $m_1,...c, m_s$ are positive integers, $\lambda_1 / \lambda_2$ is…

Inspired by Cohen and te Riele~\cite{Cohen1996}, who computationally verified that for every $n \leq 400$ there exists $k$ such that $\sigma^k(n) \equiv 0 \pmod{n}$ (where $\sigma^k$ denotes the $k$-fold iteration of the sum-of-divisors…

A classical theorem of Kempner states that the sum of the reciprocals of positive integers with missing decimal digits converges. This result is extended to much larger families of "missing digits" sets of positive integers with both…