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The planned neutrino program at Fermilab requires large proton beam intensities in excess of 2 MW. Measuring the transverse profiles of these high intensity beams is challenging and often depends on non-invasive techniques. One such…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2018-03-06 R. Thurman-Keup , M. Alvarez , J. Fitzgerald , C. Lundberg , P. Prieto , J. Zagel , W. Blokland

In 1995 a 9SDH-2 Pelletron from NEC was installed at IFUNAM (Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico). Two beam lines have been operational since then and two new lines have been built. In order to perform the planned…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 R. Macias , E. Chavez , M. E. Ortiz , K. Lopez , A. Huerta , M. C. Verde

We present SMILES-embeddings derived from the internal encoder state of a Transformer [1] model trained to canonize SMILES as a Seq2Seq problem. Using a CharNN [2] architecture upon the embeddings results in higher quality interpretable…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2020-09-23 Pavel Karpov , Guillaume Godin , Igor V. Tetko

The power of the proton beam of a high-power spallation neutron source generally ranges from 100 kW to several MW. The distribution of the power density of the beam on the target is critical for the stable operation of the high-power…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2021-08-30 Yang Xiaoyun , Jing Hantao , Tian Binbin , Ou Li , Sun Yankun , Gao Xiaolong

A new ion source will be prepared for the CYCLONE30 commercial cyclotron with a much advanced performance compared with the previous one. The newly designed ion source has a very large transparency without deteriorating the beam optics,…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2013-06-06 Maryam Hosseinzadeh , Hossein Afarideh

For injection of beams into circular machines with different horizontal and vertical emittance acceptance, the injection efficiency can be increased if these beams are flat, i.e. if they feature unequal transverse emittances. Generation of…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2011-08-01 Lars Groening

We recently built an analytical source model for GPU-based MC dose engine. In this paper, we present a sampling strategy to efficiently utilize this source model in GPU-based dose calculation. Our source model was based on a concept of…

Medical Physics · Physics 2015-03-06 Zhen Tian , Michael Folkerts , Yongbao Li , Feng Shi , Steve B. Jiang , Xun Jia

As an accelerator control system survives over several years, it is often the case that new subsystems are introduced into the original control system. The control system for the KEK electron/positron injector-linac has been using Unix…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2018-09-10 N. Kamikubota , K. Furukawa , S. Kusano , T. Obata

Neutron beam monitors are an essential diagnostic component of neutron scattering facilities. They are used to measure neutron flux, calibrating experiments performed on the instruments, allowing measurement of facility performance,…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-11-12 F. Issa , R. Hall-Wilton , A. Quintanilla , M. Olsson , D. Zielinski , K. Kanaki , N. Tsapatsaris

Sampling-based motion planning methods for manipulators in crowded environments often suffer from expensive collision checking and high sampling complexity, which make them difficult to use in real time. To address this issue, we propose a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Mingxin Yu , Chenning Yu , M-Mahdi Naddaf-Sh , Devesh Upadhyay , Sicun Gao , Chuchu Fan

Deep learning, especially convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and Transformer architectures, have become the focus of extensive research in medical image segmentation, achieving impressive results. However, CNNs come with inductive biases…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-20 Xiao Liu , Peng Gao , Tao Yu , Fei Wang , Ru-Yue Yuan

This paper proposes a two-step spike encoding scheme, which consists of the source encoding and the process encoding for a high energy-efficient spiking-neural-network (SNN) acceleration. The eigen-train generation and its superposition…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-02-09 Sangyeob Kim , Sangjin Kim , Soyeon Um , Soyeon Kim , Hoi-Jun Yoo

Particle accelerators support a wide array of scientific, industrial, and medical applications. To meet the needs of these applications, accelerator physicists rely heavily on detailed simulations of the complicated particle beam dynamics…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2022-03-16 Auralee Edelen , Christopher Mayes

In recent years, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based methods have achieved great success in a large number of applications and have been among the most powerful and widely used techniques in computer vision. However, CNN-based methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-18 Ali Jahanshahi

The use of quaternions as a novel tool for color image representation has yielded impressive results in color image processing. By considering the color image as a unified entity rather than separate color space components, quaternions can…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-02 Jifei Miao , Kit Ian Kou , Liqiao Yang , Juan Han

2D biomedical semantic segmentation is important for robotic vision in surgery. Segmentation methods based on Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) can out-perform conventional methods in terms of both accuracy and levels of automation.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-15 Xiao-Yun Zhou , Guang-Zhong Yang

In extremely large-scale multiple input multiple output (XL-MIMO) systems for future sixth-generation (6G) communications, codebook-based beam training stands out as a promising technology to acquire channel state information (CSI). Despite…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Tianyue Zheng , Jieao Zhu , Qiumo Yu , Yongli Yan , Linglong Dai

Image servo is an indispensable technique in robotic applications that helps to achieve high precision positioning. The intermediate representation of image servo policy is important to sensor input abstraction and policy output guidance.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Anzhe Chen , Hongxiang Yu , Yue Wang , Rong Xiong

The high-luminosity upgrade of the CERN LHC requires the replacement of the CMS tracking detector to cope with the increased radiation fluence while maintaining its excellent performance. An extensive R\&D program, aiming at using 3D pixel…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-10-16 The Tracker Group of the CMS Collaboration

Cosmic muon spallation backgrounds are ubiquitous in low-background experiments. For liquid scintillator-based experiments searching for neutrinoless double-beta decay, the spallation product $^{10}$C is an important background in the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-10-23 A. Li , A. Elagin , S. Fraker , C. Grant , L. Winslow