Related papers: Photons in a Ball
Photon Green function (GF) is the vital and most decisive factor in the field of quantum light-matter interaction. It is divergent with two equal space arguments in arbitrary-shaped lossy structure and should be regularized. We introduce a…
A field state containing photons propagating in different directions has a non vanishing mass which is a quantum observable. We interpret the shift of this mass under transformations to accelerated frames as defining space-time observables…
Quantum electrodynamics (QED) accurately describes all known forms of modern optics and photonics regarding interactions between photons and matter. While matter ranges widely from atoms, particles, to solids, photons are predominantly in a…
By sending many two-level atoms through a cavity resonant with the atomic transition, and letting the interaction times between the atoms and the cavity be randomly distributed, we end up with a predetermined Fock state of the…
We develop a mesoscopic framework in which the cosmological exterior is treated as an open quantum subsystem coupled to horizon degrees of freedom. Although local conservation laws satisfy $\nabla_\mu\langle J^\mu\rangle=0$, transport of…
The continuous transition from a low resolution quantum nondemolition measurement of light field intensity to a precise measurement of photon number is described using a generalized measurement postulate. In the intermediate regime,…
We discuss the problem of canonical quantization of electromagnetic field in the Schwarzschild spacetime. It is shown that a consistent procedure of canonical quantization of the field can be carried out without taking into account the…
Quantum Electrodynamics can be formulated as the theory of an antisymmetric tensor gauge field. In this formulation the topological current of this field appears as an additional source for the electromagnetic field. The topological charge…
The symmetry studies of Maxwell equations gave new insight on the nature of electromagnetic (EM) field. It has in general case quaternion single structure, consisting of four independent field constituents, which differ with each other by…
Randomness is an indispensable resource in modern science and information technology. Fortunately, an experimentally simple procedure exists to generate randomness with well-characterized devices: measuring a quantum system in a basis…
The exact wave functions, which describe the states of an electron, bound in the image potential, and the magnetic field, which is perpendicular to surface of a metal, are obtained. The correction terms to the energy of an electron in the…
The system of two relativistic particles with einbein fields is quantized as a constrained system.A method of the introduction of the Newton--Wigner collective coordinate is discussed in presence of different gauge fixing conditions. Some…
In the context of the problem of what micro-states are responsible for the entropy of black holes, we consider as a physical toy model the electromagnetic Coulomb solution. By quantizing the electromagnetic field in the presence of an…
In this chapter we examine the quantised electromagnetic (EM) field in the context of a Schr\"odinger equation for single photons. For clarity we consider only a one-dimensional system. As a universal tool for calculating the time-evolution…
Advancing quantum information, communication and sensing relies on the generation and control of quantum correlations in complementary degrees of freedom. Here, we demonstrate the preparation of electron-photon pair states using the…
We demonstrate that the spin state of solid-state emitters inside micropillar cavities can serve as measure qubits in syndrome measurements. The photons, acting as data qubits, interact with the spin state in the microcavity and the total…
The orbital and spin magnetization of a cavity-embedded quantum dot array defined in a GaAs heterostructure are calculated within quantum-electrodynamical density-functional theory (QEDFT). To this end a gradient-based exchange-correlation…
In spite of its outstanding success, quantum mechanics remains mysterious, many problems such as wave/particle dualism and quantum nonlocality remain open. Because a particle, e.g. a photon, is a quantum of a corresponding quantum field, an…
Conventional wisdom dictates that to image the position of fluorescent atoms or molecules, one should stimulate as much emission and collect as many photons as possible. That is, in this classical case, it has always been assumed that the…
The classical view of mass is that it quantifies the amount of substance and is a kinematical parameter. All matter has an attribute of mass and is a conserved quantity in any interaction. With the advent of special relativity, mass became…