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Textbooks frequently use the Helmholtz theorem to derive expressions for the electrostatic and magnetostatic fields but they do not usually apply this theorem to derive expressions for the time-dependent electric and magnetic fields, even…

Classical Physics · Physics 2016-09-28 Ricardo Heras

In classical electrodynamics, by motion for either the observer or the media, it always naturally assumed that the relative moving velocity is a constant along a straight line (e.g., in inertia reference frame), so that the electromagnetic…

Classical Physics · Physics 2023-04-19 Zhong Lin Wang

Charges are everywhere because most atoms are charged. Chemical bonds are formed by electrons with their charge. Charges move and interact according to Maxwell's equations in space and in atoms where the equations of electrodynamics are…

Biological Physics · Physics 2016-10-03 Bob Eisenberg

In accordance with an old suggestion of Asher Peres (1962), we consider the electromagnetic field as fundamental and the metric as a subsidiary field. In following up this thought, we formulate Maxwell's theory in a diffeomorphism invariant…

Classical Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Friedrich W. Hehl , Yuri N. Obukhov

We extend the duality symmetry between the electric and the magnetic fields to the case in which an additional axion-like term is present, and we derive the set of Maxwell's equations that preserves this symmetry. This new set of equations…

Classical Physics · Physics 2022-06-14 Luca Visinelli

We applied an effective approximation into Maxwell's equations with an axion interaction for haloscope searches. A set of Maxwell's equations acquired from this approximation describes just the reacted fields generated by the anomalous…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-02-04 Younggeun Kim , Dongok Kim , Junu Jung , Jinsu Kim , Yun Chang Shin , Yannis K. Semertzidis

The evolution equations of Einstein's theory and of Maxwell's theory---the latter used as a simple model to illustrate the former--- are written in gauge covariant first order symmetric hyperbolic form with only physically natural…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-06 A. Abrahams , A. Anderson , Y. Choquet-Bruhat , J. W. York

Maxwell's equations cannot describe a homogeneous and isotropic universe with a uniformly distributed net charge, because the electromagnetic field tensor in such a universe must be vanishing everywhere. For a closed universe with a nonzero…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-03-01 Li-Xin Li

Adopting two independent approaches (a) Lorentz-invariance of physical laws and (b) local phase invariance of quantum field theory applied to the Dirac Lagrangian for massive electrically neutral Dirac particles, we rediscovered the…

General Physics · Physics 2017-12-15 Harihar Behera , N. Barik

The two postulates of special relativity plus the postulates of conserved charges, both electric and magnetic, and a resulting linear system are sufficient for the derivation of the generalized vacuum Maxwell equations with both charges.…

General Physics · Physics 2013-05-15 Chun Wa Wong

A fully relativistically covariant formulation of the classical Maxwell electrodynamics of an arbitrarily-moving point charge is presented, purely in terms of gauge invariant potentials without entailing any gauge fixing. A new,…

Classical Physics · Physics 2019-05-21 Anarya Ray , Parthasarathi Majumdar , Zahid Ansari

A close examination of the Maxwell-Lorentz theory of electrodynamics reveals that polarization and magnetization of material media need not be treated as local averages over small volumes - volumes that nevertheless contain a large number…

Optics · Physics 2014-04-10 Masud Mansuripur

Maxwell's equations and the equations governing charged particle dynamics are presented for a rotating coordinate system with the global time coordinate of an observer on the rotational axis. Special care is taken in defining the relevant…

Astrophysics · Physics 2012-08-27 Paul N. Arendt,

Causality in electrodynamics is a subject of some confusion, especially regarding the application of Faraday's law and the Ampere-Maxwell law. This has led to the suggestion that we should not teach students that electric and magnetic…

Physics Education · Physics 2015-05-28 C. M. Savage

We give a detailed description of electrodynamics as an emergent theory from condensed-matter-like structures, not only {\it per se} but also as a warm-up for the study of the much more complex case of gravity. We will concentrate on two…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-12-12 Carlos Barceló , Raúl Carballo-Rubio , Luis J. Garay , Gil Jannes

In curved spacetime, Maxwell's equations can be expressed in forms valid in Minkowski background, with the effect of the metric (gravity) appearing as effective polarizations and magnetizations. The electric and magnetic (EM) fields depend…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-12-25 Jai-chan Hwang , Hyerim Noh

This work, that is devoted to the memory of Dr. Andrew Chubykalo and his legacy, is the improved version of the paper published in Annales de la Fondation Louis de Broglie journal. In this article, methods for solving the Maxwell equations…

General Physics · Physics 2024-10-17 Vladimir Onoochin

The aim of this paper is to understand the relation between the canonical Hamilton-Jacobi equation for Maxwell's electrodynamics, which is an equation with variational derivatives for a functional of field configurations, and the covariant…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-01-01 Monika E. Pietrzyk , Cécile Barbachoux , Joseph Kouneiher

A fixed electric charge is an electric current relative to a moving magnetic field, so that it is subjected to the force of the moving magnetic field. This means that not only time-varying magnetic field produces electric field, but moving…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-04-07 Shangbin Cui

A new formulation of the Maxwell equations based on two vector and two scalar potentials is proposed. The use of these potentials allows the electromagnetic field equations to be written in the form of a hyperbolic system. In contrast to…

Classical Physics · Physics 2012-06-05 Alexey N. Kudryavtsev , Sergey I. Trashkeev
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