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This work develops a low-dimensional nonlinear stochastic model of symmetry-breaking coherent structures from experimental measurements of a turbulent axisymmetric bluff body wake. Traditional model reduction methods decompose the field…
We consider an active-passive mechanical pair in which the relative motion of the latter is constrained by the mechanical impact. The system dynamics is described by the previously introduced modeling frameworks of force transition and…
Human crowds often bear a striking resemblance to interacting particle systems, and this has prompted many researchers to describe pedestrian dynamics in terms of interaction forces and potential energies. The correct quantitative form of…
Differential equations based on physical principals are used to represent complex dynamic systems in all fields of science and engineering. Through repeated use in both academics and industry, these equations have been shown to represent…
Pedestrian crowds can very realistically be simulated with a social force model which describes the different influences affecting individual pedestrian motion by a few simple force terms. The model is able to reproduce the emergence of…
In this paper we present numerical simulations of a macroscopic vision-based model [1] derived from microscopic situation rules described in [2]. This model describes an approach to collision avoidance between pedestrians by taking…
We introduce an enhanced model based on the generalized centrifugal force model. Furthermore, the desired direction of pedestrians is investigated. A new approach leaning on the well-known concept of static and dynamic floor-fields in…
In this work a physical modelling framework is presented, describing the intelligent, non-local, and anisotropic behaviour of pedestrians. Its phenomenological basics and constitutive elements are detailed, and a qualitative analysis is…
A simple algorithm for constructing an effective traffic model is presented. The algorithm uses statistically well-defined quantities extracted from the flow-density plot, and the resulting effective model naturally captures and predicts…
We study three different experiments that involve dry friction and periodic driving, and which employ both single and many-particle systems. These experimental set-ups, besides providing a playground for investigation of frictional effects,…
In this paper, a thermodynamically consistent phase-field model is proposed to describe the mass transport and reaction processes of multiple species in a fluid. A key feature of this model is that reactions between different species occur…
The movement of pedestrians is supposed to show certain regularities which can be best described by an ``algorithm'' for the individual behavior and is easily simulated on computers. This behavior is assumed to be determined by an intended…
We analyse a one-dimensional model of hard particles, within ensembles of trajectories that are conditioned (or biased) to atypical values of the time-averaged dynamical activity. We analyse two phenomena that are associated with these…
The question of deriving general force/flux relationships that apply out of the linear response regime is a central topic of theories for nonequilibrium statistical mechanics. This work applies an information theory perspective to compute…
This article is an invitation. It is, first, an invitation to consider as a subject worthy of attention the wide range of situations where small discrete elements, either bubbles, droplets or solid particles, are embedded in turbulent…
Interrelations between dynamical and statistical laws in physics, on the one hand, and between the classical and quantum mechanics, on the other hand, are discussed with emphasis on the new phenomenon of dynamical chaos. The principal…
The recently suggested correspondence between domain dynamics of traffic models and the asymmetric chipping model is reviewed. It is observed that in many cases traffic domains perform the two characteristic dynamical processes of the…
Clogging raises as the principal phenomenon during many evacuation processes of pedestrians in a panic situation. As people push to escape from danger, compression forces may increase to harming levels. Many individuals might fall down,…
The stationary and highly non-stationary resonant dynamics of the harmonically forced pendulum are described in the framework of a semi-inverse procedure combined with the Limiting Phase Trajectory concept. This procedure, implying only…
We show that keeping a constant lower limit on the net-time headway is the key mechanism behind the dynamics of pedestrian streams. There is a large variety in flow and speed as functions of density for empirical data of pedestrian streams,…